in which the summation is taken over all y1 goods and where wi is the budget share of commodity i, qi is the quantity of good i, pi is the unit price of good i, x is total expenditure, and P is the Divisia price index, implicitly defined as d In P = cj wj.d In pi. The parameter pi is the (constant) marginal budget share of good i; negativity of the substitution effect imposes 7rii < 0. The left...

Stock exchange and interest rate are two crucial factors of economic growth of a country. The impacts of interest rate on stock exchange provide important implications for monitory policy, risk management practices, financial securities valuation and government policy towards financial markets. This study seeks evidence supporting the existence of share market efficiency based on the monthly da...

For many organizations, it is not feasible to expect all or some of the members to be able to meet physically. Members of organizations use different types of media to communicate information and to make decisions. In this paper, we completed an initial study that looked at how the type of media, specifically the level of synchronicity supported by the media, influenced individuals’ job satisfa...

Cooperative advertising is an agreement between a manufacturer and a retailer to share advertising cost at the local level. Previous studies have not investigated cooperative advertising for complementary products and their main focus was only on one good. In this paper, we study a two-echelon supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer with two complementary goods. The demand ...

This study analyzed the performance of cabbage marketing in Abia State, Nigeria. Specifically the study sought to: describe socio-economic characteristics of cabbage marketers; identify marketing channels of cabbage; determine marketing cost components of cabbage marketers; determine marketing margins, market share and marketing efficiency of cabbage marketers; and determine socio-economic fact...

Online auction has become an intriguing new type of economic exchange mechanism. Given that Internet auctions differ from traditional physical auctions in terms of flexibility and synchronicity, there is much doubt as to whether existing theoretical and empirical literature on traditional physical auctions still holds. This paper seeks to unravel factors affecting Internet auction prices. Speci...

The determination of practical and coherent policy to pin down the price in restructured distribution networks should be considered as a momentous topic. The present paper introduces a new method of distribution marginal price (DMP) calculation. The main aim of this paper is to evaluate the DMP for both producers and consumers separately. For this purpose, the first part of the procedure emphas...

abstract the main aim of the paper is to determine the marketing efficiency of poultry industry in karaj. in this research the marketing margin and the marketing efficiency of poultry market in different level of the market in karaj was calculated. the results showed that slaughter houses gain the main part of marketing margin and marking profit. the share of slaughter house was more that 50 pe...