Shock effects within meteorites are the products of impacts and collisions in the asteroid belt that eventually led to the ejection of the meteorite from its parent body. These collisions produce shock waves, which in turn lead to formation of high-pressure phases and deformation features within the host meteorite. The (P,T,t) history of the shock process can be deduced by studying these high-p...

Cells may sense heat shock via the accumulation of thermally misfolded proteins. To explore this possibility, we determined the effect of protein misfolding on gene expression in the absence of temperature changes. The imino acid analog azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (AZC) is incorporated into protein competitively with proline and causes reduced thermal stability or misfolding. We found that addi...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of defibrillation shocks on cardiac and circulating catecholamines. DESIGN Prospective examination of myocardial catecholamine balance during dc shock by simultaneous determination of arterial and coronary sinus plasma concentrations. Internal countershocks (10-34 J) were applied in 30 patients after initiation of ventricular fibrillation for a routine implantab...

In the present paper we discuss the modifications introduced into the first-order Fermi shock acceleration process due to a finite extent of diffusive regions near the shock or due to boundary conditions leading to an increased particle escape upstream and/or downstream the shock. In the considered simple example of the planar shock wave we idealize the escape phenomenon by imposing a particle ...

Introduction. Knowledge of the dynamic response of planetary minerals such as H2O ice is required to model and interpret mutual collisions and impact craters. The Hugoniot of H2O ice describes the dynamic strength and possible shock-compressed states, which determine the mechanical and thermodynamic work done during an impact event. Previous studies [1, and references within] of the shock prope...

We increasingly rely on the network approach to understand the complexity of cellular functions. Chaperones (heat shock proteins) are key "networkers", which sequester and repair damaged proteins. In order to link the network approach and chaperones with the aging process, we first summarize the properties of aging networks suggesting a "weak link theory of aging". This theory suggests that age...

Gas-encapsulated droplets have recently been promoted as an effective technique for fluid transport. Shock waves are herein proposed instant release mechanism the encapsulated fluid, which subsequently discharges into surroundings. This process relies on intricate bubble dynamics and droplet response to shock driving, discovered through numerical theoretical investigations. The key factors invo...