international competition for having a greater contribution in the world is ever increasing, thus human resource management plays an important role. in a knowledge-based economy, an all-out participation of women in different social arenas promises optimal utilization of all human resource potentials. in this respect, iran has experienced an extensive presence of women in its higher education. ...

In this paper, we study the corporate transparency choices of firms operating in a weak institutional environment. We argue that in relationship-based systems, high levels of corporate transparency and strong political connections are alternative means to create firm value. Firms can try to commit to more transparency by issuing securities abroad. However, the expanded disclosures and additiona...

This paper explores the role of corporate governance in the Asian crisis countries: Korea, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. It argues that the focus in an analysis of corporate governance should be on the provision of external equity finance -the position of outside minority shareholders. The proportion of equity finance in the capital structure of firms is highly correlated with the status of...

Objective: The variables of customer concentration and bank loan contracts can affect corporate finance activities, and customer concentration may increase corporate returns. Methods: Under this study, the relationship between customer concentration and bank loan contracts have been investigated first and then the moderating effect of financial status variables and accounts payable on relation...

today, the brand creation or branding, which is the so-called industrial identification, is one of the most common industrial terms under various researching. this word is associated with the creation of an emotional bond with stakeholders. brand is defined as a name, term, sign, symbol, or design, or a combination of them, intended to identify the goods or services of one seller or group of se...

Purpose: Firms face the challenge of working with other firms in their business network so as to increase the value of products and services offered to end customers and consumers. This often requires managers to investing in developing strong and effective business-tobusiness relationships. While an extensive literature examines the different dimensions of successful business-to-business relat...