Much of the extensive empirical literature on insurance markets has focused on whether adverse selection can be detected. Once detected, however, there has been little attempt to quantify its importance. We start by showing theoretically that the efficiency cost of adverse selection cannot be inferred from reduced form evidence of how “adversely selected” an insurance market appears to be. Inst...

Abstract The welfare of animals in food-production systems is a cause concern to the public. Regenerative agriculture was first used by Rodale Institute and proposes regenerate degraded components ecosystems, aiming be more than just sustainable. However, despite animal being pushed part SDG agenda for 2030, there no clarity on how regenerative impacts welfare. It challenging determine welfare,...

factors affecting on job motivation from the managers point of view in teaching hospitals affiliated to urmia university of medical sciences in 2009 hamouzadeh p*1, sadeghifar j2, moradkhani b3 received: 25 april, 2010 accepted: 27 july, 2010 abstract background & aims: the fact that managers are planners of health care system plays an important role in the development of health care and treatm...

Expenditures for social welfare under public law amounted to $955.9 billion in fiscal year 1989. an increase of 7.9 percent over the previous year. The 1989 amount represented 18.6 percent of the national output of goods and services, as measured by the gross national product (GNP). Social insurance programs accounted for about one-half of all expenditures, followed in importance by the educati...

Since summer 2007, mobile phone users in the European Union (EU) are protected by a ceiling on the roaming tariff when calling or receiving a call abroad. We analyze the effects of this price regulative policy, and compare it to alternative implementations of price regulations. The problem is a three-level mathematical program: The EU determines the price regulative policy that maximizes overal...

Much of the extensive empirical literature on insurance markets has focused on whether adverse selection can be detected. Once detected, however, there has been little attempt to quantify its welfare cost or to assess whether and what potential government interventions may reduce these costs. To do so, we develop a model of annuity contract choice and estimate it using data from the U.K. annuit...

A crucial issue in efficiency-equality evaluations of tax reforms resides in the possibility that the level as well as the distribution of welfare may change, where the household-specific measures of welfare capture the value of income as well as the value of leisure. A better-designed redistribution and income support system may not only foster equality but also improve the configuration of in...

Since 1995, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been introduced commercially into US agriculture by a handful of vertically coordinated “life science” firms who have fundamentally altered the structure of the seed industry. Enforcement of intellectual property rights (IPRs) for biological innovations has been the major incentive for a concentration tendency in the upstream sector. On the...

Much of the extensive empirical literature on insurance markets has focused on whether adverse selection can be detected. Once detected, however, there has been little attempt to quantify its welfare cost, or to assess whether and what potential government interventions may reduce these costs. To do so, we develop a model of annuity contract choice and estimate it using data from the U.K. annui...

The actions and decisions taken by the present generation will affect not only the welfare but also the composition of future generations. A number of authors have used this fact to bolster the conclusion that the present is only weakly obligated to provide for future welfare since in choosing between futures of poverty and abundance, we are not deciding the welfare of a welldefined group of fu...