For scalability purposes, multiple physical resources that interconnect Label Switching Routers (LSRs) can be combined to form a single traffic engineering (TE) link for the purposes of path computation and signaling. These resources may represent one or more physical links that connect the LSRs, or they may represent a Label Switched Path (LSP) if LSP hierarchy [RFC4206] is used. The managemen...

The IEEE 1588 precision time protocol (PTP) time-setting mode of operation can be used to dramatically improve the quality of time-based systems that rely on a physical layer syntonization source in addition to PTP. Based on the standardized PTP protocol and common network frequency distribution techniques, the PTP time-setting mode of operation is capable of distributing time over packet-based...

Status of This Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract The Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) suite of protocols has been defined to control different switching technologies as well as different applications. These include support for requesting Time Div...

Hagen Woesner Technical University Berlin Telecommunication Networks Group1 Abstract: This paper presents a concept for a Multi-Gbit/s WDM-based fiber backbone. Stations are interconnected by the means of an Arrayed Waveguide Grating Multiplexer (AWGM). It shows the possibility to evolve from unidirectional virtual ring structures to a fully meshed interconnection. The number of nodes n and hen...

As data traffic increase rapidly, IP over WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) transport will replace conventional SONET transport in current metropolitan area networks. Such networks will require new MAC protocols to efficiently share network bandwidth among multiple network nodes. This research project describes and evaluates a novel Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Idle Detection (CSMA/I...

This article discusses the possible applications for optical networks based on wavelength division multiplexing and how they compete and complement current high-speed networks (SONET,ATM). We rst outline the best-case scenario for this technology and describe the spectrum of proposed optical networks (WDM links, passive optical access networks, broadcast-and-select networks, and wavelength rout...

This article reports on the results and future research work within the paradigm of Configurable Collaborative Distance Learning, which we have named EVA (states for Virtual Learning Spaces in Spanish). The article focuses on the description of the main concepts, architecture, software and LAN/ATM hardware platform developed for the EVA interactive environment. This environment is the result of...

To use constraint technology to solve a problem, the solutions to the problem must first be characterised, or modelled, by a set of constraints that they must satisfy. A significant part of the modelling process can be characterised as refinement, the process of generating a concrete model from an abstract specification of the problem. Expert modellers also identify and perform transformations ...

This paper presents a new practical approximation algorithm for wavelength assignment to splitable lightpaths over WDM rings, with the objective of minimizing the number of SONET ADMs. Allowing the splitting of traffic streams can significantly reduce the number of required ADMs. Moreover, while finding the best assignment is proved to be NP-Hard, the problem seems easier to approximate than th...

This document describes requirements for, and the use of, the Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) control plane in support of the Virtual Concatenation (VCAT) layer 1 inverse multiplexing data plane mechanism and its companion Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS). LCAS can be used for hitless dynamic resizing of the inverse multiplex group. These techniques apply to Optical Tra...