Two experiments examined the acquisition and transfer of a complex same-different discrimination by pigeons. With the use of a 2-alternative choice task, 5 pigeons were reinforced for discriminating odd-item Different displays in which a contrasting target ws present, from Same displays, in which all elements were identical. Four different types of same-different displays were concurrently test...

The behaviour of pollinators has important consequences for plant mating. Nectar-feeding birds often display that results in more pollen carryover than insect pollinators, which is predicted to result frequent outcrossing and high paternal diversity bird-pollinated plants. We tested this prediction by quantifying mating system parameters bird visitation three populations an understory herb, Ani...

Many avian species perform elaborate behavioral displays when signaling to conspecifics. Elaborate displays are most often performed by males, and are typically performed during pair-formation or agonistic interactions (e.g. mating flight-display by Jackson’s widowbird (Euplectes jacksoni), Andersson 1992; territorial vocalizations and color signaling by redwinged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus...

The effect of genotype, sex and hatch on carcass traits and physical characteristics of eggs was investigated in the Japanese quail. Two strains of Japanese quails including the White (P1) and Wild (P2) genotypes were chosen as the parental generation and crossed reciprocally (10 single-pair mating) to create the F1 progeny. The F1 birds (27 males and 81 females) were mated randomly to produce ...

During April 2013 in China, mild respiratory symptoms developed in 1/61 workers who had culled influenza A(H7N9) virus-infected poultry. Laboratory testing confirmed A(H7N9) infection in the worker and showed that the virus persisted longer in sputum than pharyngeal swab samples. Pharyngeal swab samples from the other workers were negative for A(H7N9) virus.

Beautifulsmall state of India Sikkim is the collection of many natural treasures. Holding enormous diversity of flora and fauna,major mountain peaksKhangchendzonga-8,846 m, Jonsang-7,444 m, Talung-7,351 m, Kabru-7,338 m, Siniolchu-6,887 m, Pandim-6,691 m, Rathong-6,680 m Koktang-6,148 m, and Simvo-6,811 m.,two major rivers the Teesta and the Rangeetnumerous perennial lakes among which, Khechipe...

the aim of this research was to improve postharvest quality and vase life of tuberose cut flowers. treatments in this experiment included: distilled water, 3% ethanol and 5% sucrose as control, thyme oil in 3 levels (50, 75 and 100 mg/l), accel in 3 level (25, 50 and 75 mg/l) and for some of flowers pulsing with 5% sucrose in first 24 hours then puting cut flowers treated with sucrose in thyme ...

In situations where native mutualists have become extinct, non-native species may partner with remnant native species. However, non-native mutualists may differ behaviorally from extinct native mutualists. In the case of pollination, novel relationships between natives and non-natives could differ both quantitatively and qualitatively from native–native relationships. In Hawai`i, the non-native...