The submerged, floating, and emergent vascular flora of Lake East Okoboji, Dickenson County, Iowa, was surveyed by the senior author in the summer of 1961, with collections made at 21 stations. Emergent species and one hybrid, and 7 submerged or floating species were found. A comparison is made with a 1915 survey in which a very rich flora of about 18 emergents and 26 submerged or floating spec...

Ganoderma applanatum belongs to the group of white-rot fungi, due to a well-developed ligninolytic enzyme system. White-rot fungi have attracted great scientific attention in recent years, especially with respect to their enzymatic potential for the bioremediation of persistent pollutants. Contrary to G. lucidum, which medicinal properties, as well as ligninolytic enzyme system have been extens...

Semiaquatic frogs may not breathe air for several months because they overwinter in ice-covered ponds. In contrast to many vertebrates that experience decreased motor performance after inactivity, bullfrogs, Lithobates catesbeianus, retain functional respiratory motor processes following cold-submergence. Unlike mammalian hibernators with unloaded limb muscles and inactive locomotor systems, re...

In order for underwater vehicles to fully realize the potential of utilizing oscillating foils as propulsion mechanisms, it is necessary for the control scheme to be aware of the state of the water environment, especially the vorticity in the water. In this paper, we investigate the problem of estimating the hydrodynamic potentials based on pressure measurement on a submerged body. A relationsh...

In this work, the effect of rock bolt angle on the shear behavior of Rock Bridges is investigated using the particle flow code in two dimensions (PFC2D) for three different Rock Bridge lengths. Firstly, the calibration of PF2D is performed to reproduce the gypsum sample. Then the numerical models with the dimensions of 100 mm * 100 mm are prepared. The Rock Bridge is created in the middle of th...

scour around bridge piers is one of the most important fields of hydraulic research. local scour around bridge piers and abutment is one of the main reasons of bridge failures. in the field of scour at the bridges, researches are more focus on scour of piers in compare with abutment. while the available information on the bridge failures required cost, the major problems are related to abutment...

Fungal cultures were isolated from soil samples collected from the Western Ghats regions of Kerala. Primary screening of isolated strains were done by Sudan black staining method and 15 lipid producing cultures were isolated. The fatty acid profiling of the positive strains were analyzed for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production. Selected oleaginous cultures were grown in submerged culture cond...

We describe an implantable patch sensor for monitoring L-glutamate in hippocampal slices in submerged and interface preparations. This patch sensor is prepared by excising the cell membrane in the CA3 region of a hippocampal slice in a submerged preparation, and then implanted in the target neuronal region (CA1) of mouse hippocampal slices. The lifetime of the sensor was 3-8 min for the interfa...