نتایج جستجو برای: surplus
تعداد نتایج: 7344 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Locational Marginal Pricing (LMP) is a method for energy pricing in deregulated power systems. Loss and congestion cause different prices for energy at load or generation buses. In this pricing method there is a different between payments of customers and revenue of generators which is called Merchandizing Surplus (MS). Independent System Operator (ISO) receives MS and generally renders it to T...
The government organizations grant incentives to promote green product consumption, improve green product quality, boost remanufacturing activities, etc. through various policies. The objective of this study is to highlight pros and cons of two incentive policies, namely (1) incentive on manufacturer’s R&D investment and (2) direct incentive to consumer based on greening level of the product on...
We analyze minimum rate of return guarantees for life insurance (investment) contracts and pension plans with a smooth surplus distribution mechanism. We specifically model the smoothing mechanism used by most Danish life insurance companies and pension funds. The annual distribution of bonus will be based on this smoothing mechanism after taking the minimum rate of return guarantee into accoun...
Recently, Treasury Secretary Larry Summers implied that the government would be de creasing the supply of government bonds in order to pay down outstanding debt. This likely represents the beginning of President Clinton's plan to use a surplus that could total as much as $1.92 trillion over the next ten years to begin to eliminate the national debt (Dreazen, 2000). The wave of prosperity that h...
Wildland fire is an important disturbance agent in the western US and globally. However, the natural role of fire has been disrupted in many regions due to the influence of human activities, which have the potential to either exclude or promote fire, resulting in a ‘‘fire deficit’’ or ‘‘fire surplus’’, respectively. In this study, we developed a model of expected area burned for the western US ...
نمودار تعداد نتایج جستجو در هر سال
با کلیک روی نمودار نتایج را به سال انتشار فیلتر کنید