Cognitive linguistics gives the most inclusive, consistent description of how language is organized, used and learned to date. Cognitive linguistics contains a great number of concepts that are useful to second language learners.  If-clauses in English, on the other hand, remain intriguing for foreign language learners to struggle with, due to their intrinsic intricacies. EFL grammar books are ...

Abstract Task-based language teaching is considered an effective way to achieve a harmony between grammar and communication. The present study investigates two different ways of teaching modal verbs: task-based versus traditional approaches. To this purpose, an Oxford Placement Test was administered to select 40 homogeneous participants out of a larger population who took this test. The selecte...

in today’s multiculturally interconnected world, cultural understanding is the key to communication and a buffer to communication breakdown. that is, the objectives of language learning cannot be viewed as a mainly linguistic task anymore; they should be directed towards achievement of intercultural communicative competence. therefore, the foreign language teachers should utilize and promote th...

Second Language System of Motivational Selves and English Language Skills: The Role of Socio-Economic Status among Iranian Language Learners1 A. Parastaar Aski* M.H. Abdollaahi, Ph.D.** A. R. Moraadi, Ph.D.*** H. R. Hassanaabaadi, Ph.D.****   Learning English in Iran is quite popular, yet not all are successful at this task. To shed light on this dilemma and its root causes, the ro...

Abstract This study was intended to compare collaborative and individual task planning effects on Iranian EFL learners’ writing performance. Therefore, a group of 90 upper intermediate EFL learners were placed in three groups of Collaborative Task planning, Individual Task planning, and Control. In the experimental groups, participants were asked to do task planning collaboratively and individu...

Abstract This study was intended to compare collaborative and individual task planning effects on Iranian EFL learners’ writing performance. Therefore, a group of 90 upper intermediate EFL learners were placed in three groups of Collaborative Task planning, Individual Task planning, and Control. In the experimental groups, participants were asked to do task planning collaboratively and individu...

The study aimed to evaluate the textbook of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa at primary level in comparison Oxford Modern English Textbook and Cambridge Scholar Standard series Pakistan. objectives are: (1) illustrate importance textbooks language learning level, (2) analyze used (3) propose/suggest parameters for designing effective level. researchers adopted a 75- items evaluative checklist presented by Mc...

self-regulatory resource management strategies comprise a featuredcharacteristic of successful language learners. the present study investigated theeffect of two of these strategies including time management and effortregulation on learning english. the participants included two classes of secondgrade middle school students (n=64) who were selected from a school in robatkarim based on convenien...