f t f ree radicals are a group of highly reactive chemical molecules that have one or more unaired electrons and can oxidatively modify bimolecules that they encounter.1 Reactive oxygen pecies (ROS) are free radicals that are derived rom the metabolism of oxygen. They are present n all aerobic organisms. ROS play an important ole in many physiologic functions such as phagoytosis, which is media...

Ant and homopteran mutualisms are complex because they depend on the behavior, abundance, and predation levels of both insect species. Because homopteran populations are critically impacted by these seasonally varying factors, it is important to measure the population dynamics of ant-tended homopterans outside of the laboratory. In this study, we develop a new method for documenting the populat...

hepatomegaly, decrease in the liver paranchymal echo and increase in the gallbladder wall thickness has been shown in acute viral hepatitis. the present study was done to determine sonographic changes in acute viral hepatitis. we performed liver and bile ducts sonography and specific tests on 42 patients (mean age: 31.5 and 61% male) with acute viral hepatitis. gallbladder wall thickness was se...