The so called Innovative Options, within the field of nuclear fission systems, promise radical improvements in the fuel cycle with regard to waste disposal, non-proliferation and the possibility of severe accidents. In particular, new systems based on the use of accelerators and thorium [1,2,3] have been proposed for nuclear power production and waste incineration. In this paper we consider pot...

Thorium dioxide is of significant research interest for its use as a nuclear fuel, particularly as part of mixed oxide fuels. We present the results of a density functional theory (DFT) study of uraniumsubstituted thorium dioxide, where we found that increasing levels of uranium substitution increases the covalent nature of the bonding in the bulk ThO2 crystal. Three low Miller index surfaces h...

Ruthenium-103 is the parent isotope of 103mRh (t1/2 56.1 min), an isotope of interest for Auger electron therapy. During the proton irradiation of thorium targets, large amounts of 103Ru are generated through proton induced fission. The development of a two part chemical separation process to isolate 103Ru in high yield and purity from a proton irradiated thorium matrix on an analytical scale i...

B. L. Goldblum,1 S. R. Stroberg,1 J. M. Allmond,2 C. Angell,1 L. A. Bernstein,3 D. L. Bleuel,3 J. T. Burke,3 J. Gibelin,4 L. Phair,5 N. D. Scielzo,3 E. Swanberg,1 M. Wiedeking,3 and E. B. Norman1,3,5 1Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA 2Department of Physics, University of Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA 3Lawrence Livermore National Labora...

Introduction Radiation that has sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms is called “ionizing radiation.” Ionization results in the production of negatively charged free electrons and positively charged ionized atoms. Ionizing radiation can be classified into two groups: photons (includes X-radiation and gamma radiation) and particles (includes alpha and beta particles and neutrons). The...

The attachment to the surface of the ameba (Chaos chaos L. (Pelomyxa carolinensis, Wilson)) of two proteins, ribonuclease and ferritin, and two colloidal suspensions, thorium dioxide and gold, was studied in the electron microscope. The initial step in the pinocytosis of ferritin and thorium dioxide particles by amebas is shown to be the attachment of these substances to the "hairlike" extensio...

Discussed in this paper is the evolution of work that started by using the M. Fleischmann and S. Pons method and ended by using thin palladium wires electrolyzed in an electrolyte consisting of slightly acidic heavy alcohol-water solution containing thorium (Th) and mercury (Hg) salts at micromolar concentrations. The resulting large and dynamic loading of the Pd wires was studied. The recent u...

The study aims at measuring the gamma activity concentration (Ra, Th and K) of sub-slab filling gravel of Finnish houses. This study forms a part of a wider study aiming at exploring factors affecting high indoor radon concentrations in Finnish dwellings. The gamma activity and radon emanation were measured from gravel samples sent from 229 Finnish municipalities, the gamma activity was reporte...

Phosphoryl containing ligand tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) in dichloromethane has been used as an extracting agent for tetravalent thorium and trivalent europium ions from their 1 M sodium nitrates. The equilibrium data reveal that both ions are extracted as the complexes at 1:3 metal/ligand ratio. The values of conditional extraction equilibrium constant (Kex) show the superior extract...