Supply chain network design in perishable product has become a challenging task due to its short life time, spoilage of product in degradation nature and stochastic market demand. This paper focused on designing and optimizing model for perishable product in stochastic demand, which comprises multiple levels from producer, local collector, wholesaler and retailers. The ultimate goal is to optim...

This paper identifies which information about tourists serves as the best predictor of their pro-environmental behavior at home and on vacation. If a small set of predictors can be identified, the tourism industry would be able to use them to focus attention on attracting tourists with smaller environmental footprints. Results from a survey asking respondents about pro-environmental behavior in...

sufficiently large that submarkets are apparent. Eagles (1995a) suggests, using a motive-based methodology for segmentation, that the nature-tourism market contains at least four recognizable niche markets: ecotourism, wilderness use, adventure travel, and car camping. Ecotourism involves travel for the discovery of and learning about wild, natural environments. Wilderness travel involves perso...

This paper examines how eco-tourism can be regarded as a change agent in the tourism economy in developing countries. By using conceptual contributions from chaos theory, the authors illustrate how eco-tourism might give competitive advantage, using South Africa as the empirical setting. Destinations focusing on chaos theory when organizing their efforts within eco-tourism may be able to tailor...

The limits of tourism development-the problem Despite many examples of inappropriate tourism development around the world, several destinations are still trapped by an almost inevitable vicious circle which destroys the very essence of tourism. Tourism is supposedly developed in order to improve the prosperity of local people at destinations, mainly through stimulating their local economy. Howe...

1.introduction this study is going to explore the effects of cultural tourism. it emphasizes on the rich cultural heritage of rural areas, like shaikh kolini in fashafouieh. also, this research explores the domination of cultural tourism in this area beside other types of tourism and also tourism effects on rural areas is going to be discussed. 2.theortical framework primarily, places have vari...

Planning and implementing strategies to develop tourism has long been a priority issue for policy makers and decision makers: hence, a remarkable interest for quantitative methods aimed to assess the extent to which possible modifications of some determinants can affect the tourism flows of the destination country. Over the last decades, indeed, in Italy as well as in many other destinations wo...

domestic tourism has an important role in socio-economic development in several ways including creating jobs and improving income distribution. although several researcheshave been done on tourism demand, a small proportion of them have been on domestic tourism. in this paper, the price and expenditure elasticities of the household demand for domestic tourism in iran, focusing on the case of ha...

There are many types of tourism on offer in the world market, with tourism types being as diverse as the kind of experience that the visitor demands. Destinations characteristically engage in tourism models that cater to the needs and wants of the tourist market they attract. However, research and experience have shown that different tourism models affect the local people of a destination in di...