Abstract F DI can create employment and reduce poverty, increase the host country’s export capacity causing the developing country to increase its foreign exchange earnings. The aim of this study is to investigate whether FDI affect economic growth in GCC countries over the period 1980-2014 using ARDL approaches. The empirical results show that the FDI is one of the major drivers of e...

This paper brings a new perspective to the population growth implications of low fertility levels European countries. For years between 2009 and 2018, whether constant fertility, mortality, net migration would generate long-run or decrease is indicated simply visually by comparison total rate (TFR) migration-adjusted replacement level. The results show that, when considered in combination with ...

human development index (hdi) is a composite indicator that can show the impact of economic strategies on human life standards. the index is calculated by three main factors of income, education and health. this research studies the status of hdi across the iranian provinces, its changes over time and the efficiency of provinces in using resources.the data for 2001 and 2009 was obtained from th...