How do multinational firms affect both the demand for and supply of skills in hostcountry labor markets? On the demand side, inward can FDI stimulate demand for moreskilled workers in host countries through several channels. To date, most empirical evidence indicates that these channels work mainly within multinationals themselves, rather than through knowledge spillovers to domestic firms. On ...

Soil data users in The Netherlands were inventoried for current and future data needs. Prioritized data needs were used to design the Netherlands Soil Sampling programme (NSSP) as a framework containing 3 groups of related projects: map upgrading, map updating and upgrading of pedotransfer functions. In each one group, the sampling design, performance criteria and optimal sample size were defin...

Beyond the technical and technological advances in the conversion of marine by-products into useful products, the economic, social, political and environmental parameters, are to be taken into account to understand why and how bioconversion technologies of fish by-products are applicable. The fish sector is facing several issues such as wild fish stocks reduction while in the same time the cult...

Heavy oil and bitumen are a potential alternative energy source to conventional light crude. However, recovery of these resources can have substantial environmental impact. Downhole upgrading offers the prospect of both improving recovery, and decreasing environmental impact. However, use of catalysts to enhance downhole upgrading is limited by the need for one that can survive the extreme coki...

An economic evaluation of various control programmes against Theileria annulata infection was conducted on a sample of 49 Tunisian dairy farms where clinical cases of tropical theileriosis had been recorded during the summer. Indicators of morbidity and the prevalence of infection, as well as production and demographic indicators (recorded in the present survey ortaken from secondary sources), ...

Sustainable urbanization policies and strategies are posited as a major tool by which to achieve the sustainable development of growing towns and cities. A major challenge for sustainable urbanization policies and strategies is how to address the complexity of urbanization, especially the ongoing growth of informal settlements and slums in developing countries. It is acknowledged that those liv...

INTRODUCTION Biorefineries can be built as stand-alone systems or co-located with existing systems such as industrial plants or district heating systems. There are different criteria for selecting a suitable location for a biorefinery, for example closeness to raw material, product markets and heat sinks and sources or existing experiences and know-how. Further, the entire upgrading process fro...

The upgrading of industrial cluster is upgrading along the value chain, improving the added value of products, which is from low-end to high-end in the value chain. Industrial cluster is made up of one or several supply chain in a certain geographic area concentration, and has a coupling between them. The development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration has entered a new stage of resource i...

BACKGROUND Playground injuries are fairly common and can require hospitalization and or surgery. Previous research has suggested that compliance with guidelines or standards can reduce the incidence of such injuries, and that poorer children are at increased risk of playground injuries. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the association between playground injury and school...

This study aims at contributing to the analysis of the evolution of apparel industry in Brazil by answering the following questions: (a) Does global sourcing still explain the value upgrading process in the apparel production chains?; (b) Are there new sources of value upgrading to be considered?; (c) Is the dynamics of the apparel production pervaded by a phenomenon that is strongly related to...