CONTEXT Urinary incontinence is a prevalent condition and treatment options can depend on what type of incontinence is present. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the evidence about the most accurate way to determine the type of urinary incontinence during an office assessment. DATA SOURCES A search of MEDLINE using Ovid (1966-July 2007) and EMBASE (1980-July 2007), and the bibliographies o...

The consensus of the aid effectiveness literature is that foreign aid is effective at spurring economic growth in recipient countries. However, economic growth is heterogeneous in nature, driven by a number of different activities within an economy. This paper contributes to the literature by disaggregating the Gross Domestic Product of recipients in order to investigate the type of economic gr...

The conceptualization of ecosystems as natural capital that provides services to society, to some extent emerges as a strategic or pragmatic attempt to put in value the role that nature plays in human well-being. Several classifications of the benefits that society receives from ecosystems have been developed in the scientific literature, both in terms of services and in terms of functions or u...

| Nowadays it is more important than ever for companies to understand what their \core competences" are and how they can maintain their competitive advantage by forming alliances with partners to provide customers with services that knit together seamlessly. Entire value chains consisting of powerful business alliance partners will compete as single entities { ecosystems { for customers. This r...

With IMS and WebRTC being both recognized as key technologies for communication services and as technological investments are ongoing there is a need to understand what each technology can do that the other cannot. This paper provides an extensive analysis allowing for a side by side comparison of IMS and WebRTC taking into account the respective standards but also how the technologies are impl...

Ecosystems are vital to any human activity because they constitute the basic planetary support systems. Their deterioration threatens the sustainability of all industrial activity and erodes a nation’s productive capital base. A necessary step towards preserving ecosystems is to estimate their contribution to economic activity. Most contemporary economic, thermodynamic and life cycle assessment...