We measure the impact of increased health insurer competition on negotiated hospital prices using detailed 2004 California claims data. We develop a theoretical bargaining model to motivate our empirical analysis, and use the competitiveness of Kaiser Permanente, a large vertically integrated insurer, in a hospital’s market as a measure of insurer competition. We find that increasing competitio...

This article by modeling a non-cooperative dynamic game tries to improve profitability and competition. This paper has considered how the manufacturer interacts with multiple competitor distributors. Each distributor also determines the optimal distribution price and inventory replenishment policies to maximize their profits. The issue form a non-cooperative dynamic game. Distributors formulate...

A variety of studies have focused on the effect of competition in broadband markets on increasing broadband penetration rates. Few studies however have focused on the extent to which competition also results in innovation in the marketplace, as demonstrated by increased broadband speeds, and other improvements that provide value to broadband users. This paper considers the effectiveness of mark...

Species introductions to new habitats can cause a decline in the population size of competing native species and consequently also in their genetic diversity. We are interested in why these adverse effects are weak in some cases whereas in others the native species declines to the point of extinction. While the introduction rate and the growth rate of the introduced species in the new environme...

Payer-driven competition has been widely advocated as a means of increasing efficiency in health care markets. The 1990s reforms to the UK health service followed this path. We examine whether competition led to better outcomes for patients, as measured by death rates after treatment following heart attacks. We exploit differences in competition over time and space to identify the impact of com...

This study addresses the question of how increasing competitive forces from India’s trade liberalization have affected the wages of male and female workers. Neoclassical theory implies that costly discrimination against female workers should diminish over time with increased competition (Becker 1971). We incorporate this idea into a theoretical model of competition and industry concentration in...

Development of science and technology and the growing trend of globalization has pushed the urban communities toward competition on absorbing foreign capitals and construction of macro-scale projects. This competition has affected not only developed countries but also developing countries such as Iran- since it is expected that each urban development will finally result in an increase in the qu...

This article presents a model to analyze consumer welfare, price, and competition in a three-way market among consumers, medical providers, and insurers. While insurers compete with each other for customers, they also act as collective bargaining agents on behalf of consumers in determining the equilibrium price of health care with providers. The entry of an additional insurer thus has contradi...

Virtually all enterprises are facing increasing levels of competition in the global economy that has tended to level the competitive playing field. This intensified competition drives us to create new innovative products and processes and to optimize the performance and cost of existing ones. Enterprises that depend on the web as a primary interface with their constituencies have a particularly...