A series of experiments with 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 g Ca2+/l using calcium chloride were performed to evaluate the effect of various calcium concentrations on anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater. The addition of 3 g/l gave the best performance. On the other hand, the calcium concentrations of 5–7 g/l had an inhibitory effect on anaerobiosis. The lag phase durations expected in biogas production ...

Galactose, sucrose, and glucose (50 millimolar) applied to tobacco leaf discs (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv ;Xanthi') during a prolonged incubation (5-6 d) markedly stimulated ethylene production which, in turn, could be inhibited by aminoethoxyvinylglycine (2-amino-4-(2'-aminoethoxy)-trans-3-butenoic acid) (AVG) or Co(2+) ions. These three tested sugars also stimulated the conversion of l-[3,4-(14)...

Strains with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity can cause plant growth on stress condition. In the presence of bacteria with the ability of ACC deaminase production in the rhizosphere, it is possible to convert the ethylene precursor (ACC) to α-ketobutyrate  and ammonium, reducing the ethylene levels in host plants. In order to measure the power and level of A...

This investigation aimed to examine the protective function of vitamin E on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treated with cadmium chloride. Rat bone marrow MSCs were extracted using flashing-out and cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS and 100 U/ml Pen/Strep. At the end of the third passage, cells were divided into 4 groups including control, cadmium chloride, cadmium chloride + vit...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of cerium chloride, cerium chloride/fluoride and fluoride application on calcium release during erosion of treated dentine. METHODS Forty dentine samples were prepared from human premolars and randomly assigned to four groups (1-4). Samples were treated twice a day for 5 days, 30s each, with the following solutions: group 1 placebo, group 2 fluoride (Elmex ...

This study reports an industrially applicable non-sterile xylitol fermentation process to produce xylitol from a low-cost feedstock like corn cob hydrolysate as pentose source without any detoxification. Different immobilization matrices/mediums (alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, agarose gel, polyacrylamide, gelatin, and κ-carrageenan) were studied to immobilize Candida tropicalis NCIM 3123 cells fo...

The effect of light on the rate of ethylene production was monitored using two different techniques-leaf segments incubated in closed flasks versus intact plants in a flow-through open system. Three different plants were used, viz sunflower (Helianthus annuus), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), and soybean (Glycine max). Experiments were conducted both in the presence and absence of 1-aminocycl...

Excised tomato roots infected with Meloidogyne javanica produced ethylene at 3-6 times the rate of noninfected roots. This increase in ethylene production started 5 days after inoculation. Gall growth and ethylene production in infected roots were accelerated by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), indole acetic acid (IAA), and ethrel known as ethylene production stimulators. When inhib...

Cellulysin-induced ethylene production in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaf discs was enhanced several-fold by prior exposure of the leaf tissue to ethylene. This enhancement in the response of the tissue to Cellulysin increased rapidly during 4 and 8 hours of pretreatment with ethylene and resulted from greater conversion of methionine to ethylene. On treatment with Cellulysin, the content o...

Ethylene production rates and tissue ethylene concentrations were determined for the single-gene, Epinastic (Epi) tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) mutant, and its parent, cv VFN8. The Epi phenotype was characterized by severe leaf epinasty, thickened stems and petioles, and a compact growth habit. In 4-day-old seedlings, ethylene production was significantly higher in Epi than in VFN8. Et...