سپیدایی از ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت زﻳﺴﺖ‌ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ و آب‌و‌ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ به‌شمار می‌رود؛ ازاین‌رو، بررسی رفتار زمانی مکانی آن می‌تواند ابزاری برای شناخت تغییرات محیطی باشد. ﺳﻨﺠﻨﺪة مودیس ﺳﻄﺢ زﻣﻴﻦ را به‌طور ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ، ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺪرت ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻲ مناسب ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ دسترس پژوهشگران ﻗﺮار داده است. این پژوهش، واکاوی موانع برداشت/ دیدبانی ایران‌زمین، نخست داده‌های روزانة سنجندة محدودة ایران، بازة 1/1/1379 تا 10/1...

Warm water treatment has in recent years become widely used for ridding salmonids of sea lice aquaculture although the consequences fish welfare are not adequately investigated. The objective this study was to document potential long-term effects repeated warm treatments on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Five weeks after a baseline indicator scoring, non-anaesthetised (w¯ = 1379 ± 313 g, n 332)...

Most of the electrical energy demand is consumed by urban activities. One renewable sources that can be used communities solar through photovoltaic (PV) systems. The amount produced a PV system directly affected level irradiation received modules. Conventional systems are commonly installed with fixed-mount where angle incidence radiation on modules changes over time. Solar would optimum if kep...