As the major crops in north China, spring crops are usually planted from April through May every spring and harvested in fall. Wheat is also a very common crop traditionally planted in fall or spring and harvested in summer year by year. This continuous cropping system exhibited the disadvantages of reducing the fertility of soil through decreasing microbial diversity. Thus, management of micro...

currently, a considerable amount of water usage in various sectors of the khorasan razavi province: agriculture and industry etc., is supplied through the restricted underground water resources. however, the current trend of water usage in the various sectors, including agriculture, is a cause for serious concerns regarding the durability of quantity and quality of available water to meet futur...

the west asia-north africa region, which is characterized by a typical mediterranean climate, is the center of origin of cereals, notably wheat (triticum spp.) and barley (hordeum spp). however, cereal production, which is primarily rainfed, is mainly constrained by drought due to the low rainfall accompanied by high temperatures. cereals have been tradi-tionally grown following a fallow period...

Studies of Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum, the wild progenitor of cultivated barley, have mostly relied on materials collected decades ago and maintained since then ex situ in germplasm repositories. We analyzed spatial genetic variation in wild barley populations collected rather recently, exploring sequence variations at seven single-copy nuclear loci, and inferred the relationships among ...

Cover crops are typically sown post-harvest of commercial crops, prior to winter, which means that as sowing date is delayed, so will biomass production potential. The wide range benefits associated with cover relies on them produce sufficient biomass. Therefore, it must be identified how late certain species can sown. In the climatic conditions Northern Ireland, not only has no research been c...

In recent years the use of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as a selective herbicide has become increasingly important in the production of small grains and corn. Yield reductions due to direct injury to the crops are usually small. However, severe yield reductions have occurred occasionally when 2,4-D was used at herbicidal dosages during certain stages of crop growth. Corn plants spraye...