Terms like systemic crisis and systemic failure are used with increasing frequency particularly by journalists, politicians, as well as academics, to account for things going wrong in an increasingly complex and uncertain world. But what does systemic failure actually mean from a systems thinking perspective, and how might more effective thinking reduce incidences of systemic failure? This pape...

Exact parallels can be drawn between the shortcomings in medical education in the US in the 80s and those prevalent in Japan today. Research and clinical practice had primacy over teaching, and primary care medicine, with its focus on humanistic principles, was subordinated to specialization and tertiary care. US medical schools undertook a wide-ranging reform of the traditional curriculum, rec...

Introduction. Understanding different parameters which contribute directly to low achievement is a frequent topic, especially when international surveys such as the one carried out by the OEDC show that 26% of secondary students in Spain (6% above the average of the all other countries surveyed) do not attain the corresponding diploma. The present study aims to establish relationships between p...

PURPOSE Problem-based learning (PBL) is an educational approach in which complex authentic problems serve as the context and stimulus for learning. PBL is designed to encourage active participation during learning. The goal of this study was to study the effects of PBL on academic motivation and self-directed learning readiness in medical school students. METHODS The subjects of this study we...

BACKGROUND Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at risk of negative academic outcomes. However, relatively few studies in this area have been based on long-term longitudinal designs and community-based settings. This study examined the link between childhood hyperactivity-inattention symptoms (HI-s) and subsequent academic achievement in a community setting, control...

purpose: the aim of the current study was to predict the high school students' academic burnout based on social adjustment, academic procrastination and academic hope. materials and method: current research method was descriptive and correlational. the study population included all high school students of the state female high schools of bojnourd. 350 students were selected as a sample emp...