2. The agency theory: a probabilistic version outlined. 3. Metaphysics confused with epistemology? 4. Unavoidable circularity? 5. Unmanipulable causes? 6. Unacceptable anthropocentricity? 1 INTRODUCTION In this paper we defend the view that the ordinary notions of cause and effect have a direct and essential connection with our ability to intervene in the world as agents. 1 This is a well known...

While Bourdieu’s theory of practice provides an ensemble of conceptual tools which analyze patterns of social life that are irreducible to the limiting view of individuals as free-acting agents, Genette’s paratextual theory offers the metalanguage necessary to account for the microcosm of paratext as a linguistic space. This study takes issue with unidirectional approaches to researching parate...

-An advertising agency believes that annoying advertisements will be more effective than more pleasant ones due to their stronger impact. To test their theory, the agency persuades their client to experiment by using annoying ads in several randomly selected cities and more pleasant ads in others. The agency then compared the product sales in the two sets of cities to see if the annoying advert...

The capacity to exercise control over the nature and quality of one's life is the essence of humanness. Human agency is characterized by a number of core features that operate through phenomenal and functional consciousness. These include the temporal extension of agency through intentionality and forethought, self-regulation by self-reactive influence, and self-reflectiveness about one's capab...

According to agency theory, board of directors plays an important monitoring role in reducing information asymmetry and increasing the transparency of financial statements and social responsibility. This research is concerned with examining board diversity and social responsibility of the firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2011-2015. To do so, a sample of 98 firms was se...

This paper focuses on examining research into teaching, learning and assessment (TLA) in higher education in terms of structure and agency. It argues that although issues of structure and agency are seen as crucial in social theory, they are very little discussed in research into TLA in higher education and that a consideration of structure and agency raises some important questions about this ...