In Islamic culture, dome continues its ancient representation when it becomes a clear epitome of Islamic substantial creation of the universe. Islamic signs such as center, circle and sphere which are inherently dome are immediately realized via a symbolic transfer. Although domes have unavoidable relationship with other elements signifying Iranian mosques form and function, it includes secrets...

The probability that the commutator of two group elements is equal to a given element has been introduced in literature few years ago. Several authors have investigated this notion with methods of the representation theory and with combinatorial techniques. Here we illustrate that a wider context may be considered and show some structural restrictions on the group.

U12 snRNA is analogous to U2 snRNA of the U2-dependent spliceosome and is essential for the splicing of U12-dependent introns in metazoan cells. The essential region of U12 snRNA, which base pairs to the branch site of minor class introns is well characterized. However, other regions which are outside of the branch site base pairing region are not yet characterized and the requirement of these ...

The average in-situ strength of a member, expressed as the strength of an equivalent compression test result, will be lass than of a standard cast specimen of the same concrete, which has been properly compacted and moist-cured for 28 days. The extend of the difference will depend on construction techniques, but general patterns can be defined according to member type. Variations in concrete su...

Statistical n-gram language models, which can be seen as a variant of finite state grammars with transition probabilities written on the arcs of the graph, have been applied successfully in speech technology. We will present the new theoretical concept of structural elements and outline an automatic method to improve n-gram language models by distributing those structural elements in word seque...

The formation of nlonolithie and transparent transition metal containing aerogel m~~ been achieved through co:,perative interactions of high molecular weight fictionalized carbohydrates and silica p .ecursors, which strong]y influence the kinetics of gelation. After initial gelation, subsequen: modification of the ligating character of the system, coordination of the group VIII metal ions, and ...

Platinum alloyed with transition metals at various compositions exhibits an enhanced catalytic activity for reactions involving oxygen activation, but little is known about the significance of oxophilicity that may play a role in maneuvering surface oxygenated species through the alloyed transition metal sites. Fundamental questions for sustainable high catalytic activity involve whether the ox...