It is currently legal within the EU for dairy farmers to use antibiotics routinely for purely preventative purposes. The most common reason for antibiotic use in dairy farming is to control mastitis (inflammation of the mammary gland and udder tissue, usually due to bacterial infection). This often involves “blanket” use of antibiotics across all cows to prevent the occurrence of mastitis durin...

OBJECTIVES Evaluation and optimization of antibiotic use (antibiotic stewardship) is being increasingly promoted as a means to reduce antibiotic resistance, adverse events, treatment complications and costs within institutions. Our goal was to examine the prevalence of antibiotic use among long-term care facility residents and the extent of variability across these institutions. METHODS We co...

The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 changed the course of medicine. Since then, antibiotics have represented virtually the only effective treatment option for bacterial infections. However, their efficacy has been seriously compromised by over-use and misuse of these drugs, which have led to the emergence of bacteria that are resistant to many commonly used antibiotics. Bac...

xcessive Antibiotic Use in Men with Prostatitis rent C. Taylor, PhD, MPH, Siamak Noorbaloochi, PhD, Mary McNaughton-Collins, MD, MPH, hristopher S. Saigal, MD, MPH, Min-Woong Sohn, PhD, Michel A. Pontari, MD, Mark S. Litwin, MD, MPH, imothy J. Wilt, MD, MPH, and the Urologic Diseases in America Project Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, M...

The problem of antibiotic resistance emerging from the use and misuse of antibiotics in veterinary practice was considered as long ago as the 1960s by the famous Swann Committee. 1 What seems to be less well understood, and certainly less well documented, is the use of antimicrobials in the world of plant science. Antibiotics have been widely used in the control of contamination of micropropaga...

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that .2 million people in the United States become ill every year due to antibiotic-resistant infections, and at least 23 000 die as a result. In India, newborn infants develop bacterial infections that are resistant to most known antibiotics; such infections led to the deaths of 58 000 infants in 2013. These problems seem distant to your...

CONTEXT Antibiotic prescription in hospice patients is complicated by the focus on palliative rather than curative care and concerns regarding increasing antibiotic resistance. OBJECTIVES To estimate the antibiotic use in a national sample of hospice patients and identify facility and patient characteristics associated with antibiotic use in this population. METHODS This was an analysis of ...

BACKGROUND Decreases in antibiotic use were widely reported in the 1990s. This study was undertaken to determine trends in the use of antibiotics from fiscal year (FY) 1995 (April 1995 to March 1996) to FY 2001 in a complete population of Manitoba children. METHODS Using Manitoba's health care databases, we determined annual population-based rates of antibiotic prescription among children by ...

In many lowand middle-income countries (LMICs), a poor link between antibiotic policies and practices exists. Numerous contextual factors may influence the degree of antibiotic access, appropriateness of antibiotic provision, and actual use in communities. Therefore, improving appropriateness of antibiotic use in different communities in LMICs probably requires interventions tailored to the set...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Increasing morbidity due to asthma and antimicrobial resistance among human pathogens are both major public-health concerns. Numerous studies describe the overuse of antibiotics in general populations and underuse of anti-inflammatory medications by asthmatic patients. However, little is known about the relationship between asthma medication and antibiotic use in asthmatics. Sp...