The aim of the research was analysis of rice producers’ perceptions of participatory communication in the use of integrated pest management (IPM). Research population was consisted of rice producers in the west of Mazandaran province (N=16126), whose 187 ones were selected using Cochran’s formula. Data were gathered by systematic random sampling method. The instrument for data collection was a ...

Pest index, a new approach to categorizing the threat posed by an organism to woody plants, is proposed to assist plant managers in establishing treatment thresholds for pests of woody plants. The need for such a tool is based on the incredible diversity of pests of woody plants and the lack of experimental data establishing such thresholds. The pest index is computed using information about th...

Cereal aphids continue to be an important agricultural pest, with complex lifecycle and dispersal behaviours. Spatially-explicit models that are able to simulate flight initiation, movement direction, distance and timing of arrival of key aphid species can be highly valuable to area-wide pest management programmes. Here I present an overview of how knowledge about cereal aphid flight and migrat...

The present overview shows some of the most important diseases of mango and their control measures to eliminate the intensity of pest’s damage. Mango Mangifera indica L., is one of the most famous tropical fruits, as a member of the family Anacardiaceae. Mango trees are affected by a number of pests of which the disease are a major and serious threat during the flowering and fruit setting seaso...

Transgenic cottons producing Cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) provide for control of lepidopteran pests and were first commercially grown in Australia, Mexico and the USA in 1996. As of 2007, a total of six additional countries (Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, India, and South Africa) now grow Bt cotton on a total production area of 14 million hectares. The technology primarily p...

Introduction Resistance is a natural phenomenon, a result of evolution and adaptation to environment. When a pest population is exposed to a pest management tool, whether chemical, biological, or cultural, the individuals in that population that are genetically predisposed to overcome the management tool are more likely to survive and pass their genes on to the next generation. Over multiple ge...

In this study, the effects of commercially available entomopathogens, Nibortem (Verticillium lecani), Met52 (Metarhizium anisopliae), Nostalgist (Beauveria bassiana) and Priority (Paecilomyces fumosoroseus), a herbal insecticide, Nimbecidine (Azadirachtin), on pest aphids, Aphis fabae Acyrthosiphon pisum, were investigated. The corrected mortalities they caused to A. 78.41%, 87.50%, 65.91%, 63....

The most serious known rodent pests in agricultural irrigated land are: Rattus rattus, Arvicanthis niloticus and Acomys sp. Occasionally there are rodent outbreaks in agricultural plantations. The changing agro-ecosystem in the present and future agricultural plantations is expected to affect the status of the following potential rodent pest species: Spalax ehrenbergi aegyptiacus, Nesokia indic...