Long-term modification of synaptic strength is one of the basic mechanisms of memory formation and activity-dependent refinement of neural circuits. This idea was purposed by Hebb to provide a basis for the formation of a cell assembly. Repetitive correlated activity of pre-synaptic and post-synaptic neurons can induce long-lasting synaptic strength modification, the direction and extent of whi...

Colonoscopy is a widely accepted method for the evaluation of the colon and terminal ileum. Its diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic safety are influenced by prerequisites, including modulation of medication and bowel cleansing. Appropriate choices of sedative medication and bowel-cleansing regimen, together with diet modification, should be made based on the patient's underlying disease, age, a...

Animal models of early-life stress and variation in social experience across the lifespan have contributed significantly to our understanding of the environmental regulation of the developing brain. Plasticity in neurobiological pathways regulating stress responsivity, cognition, and reproductive behavior is apparent during the prenatal period and continues into adulthood, suggesting a lifelong...

BACKGROUND Interventions having a strong theoretical basis are more efficacious, providing a strong argument for incorporating theory into intervention planning. The objective of this study was to develop a conceptual model to facilitate the planning of dietary intervention strategies at the household level in rural Kerala. METHODS Three focus group discussions and 17 individual interviews we...

OBJECTIVE To assess food supply adequacy within 3 food store types in the Lower Mississippi Delta. DESIGN Regional food store survey to determine availability and quality of 102 food items in 62 supermarkets, 77 small/medium stores, and 86 convenience stores. SETTING Lower Mississippi Delta region of the United States. PARTICIPANTS 225 food stores in 18 counties. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES P...

BACKGROUND Population-based dietary assessment is important for informing national nutrition policy. The developing country setting presents challenges for robust implementation of dietary surveys, yet effective nutrition interventions are often urgently required. OBJECTIVE To develop and evaluate a low-cost approach to epidemiologic dietary assessment in Mongolia, involving the use of large ...

OBJECTIVE This study examined the link between worksite environmental supports for nutrition behaviours and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and offers insight into potential intervention points for reducing SSB consumption and combatting overweight and obesity. METHODS Perceived worksite supports for healthy nutrition and self-reported SSB consumption were analysed for 2,015 workin...