Although Korean population has been growing steadily during the past four decades, the nation is rapidly becoming an aging society because of its declining birth rate combined with an increasing life expectancy. In addition, Korea has one of the lowest fertility rates in the world due to fewer married couples, advanced maternal age, and falling birth rate. The prevalence of low birth weight inf...

OBJECTIVES In 2003, California, Hawaii, Pennsylvania, Ohio (for births occurring in December only), Utah, and Washington provided to the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) multiple as well as single racial entries that mothers and fathers had reported on birth certificates in accordance with the revised race and ethnicity standards issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) i...

The transmission of insect-vectored pathogens is dependent on the population dynamics of the vector. Epidemiological models typically assume that birth and death rates of pathogen-free and inoculative vectors are equal, an assumption that is not true for all pathosystems. Here, a series of simple and general epidemiological models were used to explore how assumptions about birth and death rates...

ABSTRACTBackground: The survival rate of preterm and low-birth-weight (LBW) infants depends on various factors such as birth weight, gestational age, and quality of care. The present study aimed at evaluating the survival rate of preterm and LBW infants, predictive factors, and the risk of mortality in three training hospitals of Mashhad and Tabriz cities.Methods: This prospective, cohort study...

in a survey of the population of behbahan city, carried out in years 1990-91, the mean age was approximated up to 15.2 and 17.5 in the villages and the city, respectively. furthermore, about 27.4% and 27.9% of the corresponding populations were under 5 years of age. the birth rate in the urban and rural areas was about 31.2 and 33.3 per thousand live births. mortality rate related to the immatu...

Background and aims: Air pollution is one of the health problems worldwide. Previous epidemiological studies have investigated the impacts of air pollution on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between air pollution levels and different health indicators among world countries. Methods: This eco...

The high incidence of low-weight births (not exceeding 2,500g.) is a serious public health problem in Hungary where the deaths of low birth weight babies accounted for 68-4% of the infant mortality and 83-0% of the first week mortality in 1967. The proportion of low-weight births is probably higher in Hungary than in any other European country and appears to be increasing (Table I). The work pr...

BACKGROUND Despite widespread cultural vilification, lactation-pregnancy overlap remains common. Its actual adverse effects remain uncertain. PURPOSE This study compared rates of success in reaching full-term delivery and newborn birth weights between two groups of multiparous pregnant women: those who breast-fed during pregnancy and those who did not. METHODS This was a comparative study c...

INTRODUCTION The US-Mexico border region has 15 million residents and 300,000 births annually. Reproductive health concerns have been identified on both sides of the border, but comparable information about reproductive health is not available. The objective of this study was to compare reproductive health indicators among populations in this region. METHODS We used 2009 US Hispanic and Mexic...

Reductions in births to teens and preterm birth rates are two recent public health successes in the United States (1,2). From 2007 to 2014, the birth rate for females aged 15-19 years declined 42%, from 41.5 to 24.2 per 1,000 females. The preterm birth rate decreased 8.4%, from 10.41% to 9.54% of live births (1). Rates of preterm births vary by maternal age, being higher among the youngest and ...