BACKGROUND Sclerostin is an osteocyte-derived inhibitor of osteoblast activity. The monoclonal antibody romosozumab binds to sclerostin and increases bone formation. METHODS In a phase 2, multicenter, international, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, eight-group study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of romosozumab over a 12-month period in 419 postmenopausal women, 55 to 85...

An inadequate and imbalanced intake of protein and energy results in protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). It is known that bone mineral density and serum magnesium levels are low in malnourished children. However, the roles of serum magnesium and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in the pathophysiology of bone mineralization are obscure. Thus, the relationships between serum magnesium and ET-1 levels an...

OBJECTIVE To document bone mineral density of children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Tertiary-care center of Northern India, July 2012 to August 2015. PARTICIPANTS 52 children aged 6-18 years with cystic fibrosis and 62 healthy controls of similar age and sex. METHODS Both patients and controls were stratified into two groups, as pre-puberta...

It is well known that patients with recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis present bone mineral density loss manifesting as osteopenia or osteoporosis in the lumbar spine and/or hip.1 Moreover, it has been observed that in patients with calcium stones and idiopathic hypercalciuria, higher levels of fasting calcium/creatinine increase the possibility of osteopenia, therefore there is a risk factor fo...

  Background: Osteoporosis, or porous bone, is a disease characterized by low bone mass density (BMD) and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to bone fragility and increased risk of hip, spine, and wrist fractures. There are numerous risk factors for osteoporosis. While many of these factors are non-genetic in nature, there is a definite genetic component responsible for this condi...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of physical activity on bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and lean mass in postmenopausal, overweight/obese women. METHODS We conducted a 12-month randomized controlled aerobic exercise intervention versus control in 173 sedentary, overweight/obese, postmenopausal women, aged 50-75 yr. The exercise prescription consisted of >or=45 min of moderate-inte...

CONTEXT Due to maldigestion, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) in chronic pancreatitis may lead to deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamin D. This may, in turn, can cause disturbances in bone metabolism and reduce bone mineral density. OBJECTIVE To conduct a prospective study of maldigestion, bone metabolism, and bone mineral density in a group of patients with chronic p...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to assess the possible role of physical activities, calcium consumption and lifestyle factors in both bone mineral density and bone metabolism indices in 350 young adult volunteers. [Subjects and Methods] All volunteers were recruited for the assessment of lifestyle behaviors and physical activity traits using validated questioners, and bone mineral densi...

INTRODUCTION Phosphate binding with sevelamer can ameliorate detrimental histomorphometric changes of bone in chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). Here we explored the effects of sevelamer-HCl treatment on bone strength and structure in experimental CRI. METHODS Forty-eight 8-week-old rats were assigned to surgical 5/6 nephrectomy (CRI) or renal decapsulation (Sham). After 14 weeks of disease p...