Hypoplasia of the right ventricle is uncommon as an isolated entity. It may result from tricuspid atresia, but is most commonly secondary to pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum. Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum is rare, accounting for 1-3% of cases of congenital heart disease. It occurs in 0.1 to 0.4 in 10,000 live births. Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular s...

Congenital posterior choanal atresia is an uncommon anomaly which may have lifethreatening consequences. This defect is frequently associated with other congenital abnormalities. CT scan confirms the diagnosis and accurately defines the anatomy of the atresia and differentiates osseous stenosis from membranous stenosis in the choanae. Therefore, CT may be the first-line imaging choice for the p...

introduction: neonatal nasal airway obstruction induces various degrees of respiratory distress. the management of this disease, including surgical repair, will depend on the severity and location of the obstruction. we describe here a case of congenital nasal nostril stenosis that required surgical repair for stenting of both nares after coanal atresia repair.   case report: a 2 days old femal...

S MALL BOWEL reversal was first studied by Mall [1}, Miihsam [2] and McClure [3]. The conclusion of these early investigators was that small intestine reversal was fatal to dogs. Within the last ten years interest has been reawakened in surgical procedures designed to delay intestinal transit time [4,5]. Reversal of a small se~nent of terminal ilcmn by these recent investigators has demonstrate...

BACKGROUND Delayed diagnosis of biliary atresia is an important cause of pediatric end-stage liver failure and liver transplantation. We sought to determine whether direct bilirubin is underutilized by retrospectively reviewing patients with biliary atresia. Further, we aimed to determine the role of reflex testing for direct bilirubin in patients suspected for jaundice. METHODS The time inte...

Mitral atresia is a rare congenital anomaly, but its true incidence is difficult to assess. In 1962, Fontana and Edwards reported 8 cases of isolated mitral atresia and found 24 others in published reports. They also described 5 cases of combined mitral and aortic atresia and found 23 other published cases. From Britain, MacMahon, McKeown, and Record (1953), in a careful survey of congenital he...

Kobayashi, A., Utsunomiya, T., Ohbe, Y., and Nagashima, Y. (1974). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 49, 90. Intestinal absorption of calcium and magnesium in hepatobiliary disease in infancy. The intestinal absorption of calcium and magnesium was measured by metabolic balance studies in 6 normal infants, 13 infants with biliary atresia, 5 infants with successfully repaired biliary atresia, 7 i...

this manuscript reviews the present knowledge related to folliculogenesis in sheep.folliculogenesis starts with formation of primordial follicles before birth, present as a pool containing a certain number of follicles. by the attainment of puberty, a group of follicles from that pool starts to grow, a process known as primordial follicle activation or recruitment. the number of growing primord...

Background: Although the chemotherapeutic agents have been known for their cytotoxic effects on normal mammalian cells, these compounds are used widely for controlling the carcinogenic cells proliferation. Cyclophosphamide (CP), a well-known nitrogen mustard alkylating agent is used for autoimmune disorders and tumors treatment. Considering the inhibitory effect of CP on cell division, the ovar...

fecal calprotectin is released in colon by activated neutrophils. investigation of diagnostic application of determination of fecal calprotectin levels is considered by many researchers to compare between different colorectal diseases like irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) and inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd). due to the effect of nutrition habits on the inflammatory processes of bowel, the main ...