for TOC (50 words for a more general audience) 44 A dynamic vegetation model is used to assess the effect of fire on tree to grass ratios and the African 45 savanna biome distribution. High fire frequencies were found to maintain tree grass co-existence under 46 mesic conditions (700 to 900 mm MAP) and the incorporation of fire substantially improved 47 continental simulations of biomes. 48 Pag...

BACKGROUND As one of the most frequently occurring accidents in a chemical plant, a fire accident may occur at any place where transfer or handling of combustible materials is routinely performed. METHODS In particular, a jet fire incident in a chemical plant operated under high pressure may bring severe damage. To review this event numerically, Computational Fluid Dynamics methodology was us...

Wildfire activity in boreal forests is anticipated to increase dramatically, with far-reaching ecological and socioeconomic consequences. Paleorecords are indispensible for elucidating boreal fire regime dynamics under changing climate, because fire return intervals and successional cycles in these ecosystems occur over decadal to centennial timescales. We present charcoal records from 14 lakes...

Despite the huge resources invested in fire suppression, the impact of wildfires has considerably increased across the Mediterranean region since the second half of the 20th century. Modulating fire suppression efforts in mild weather conditions is an appealing but hotly-debated strategy to use unplanned fires and associated fuel reduction to create opportunities for suppression of large fires ...

Fire simulation studies that use models such as FARSITE often assume that ignition locations are distributed randomly, because spatially explicit information about actual ignition locations are difficult to obtain. However, many studies show that the spatial distribution of ignition locations, whether humancaused or natural, is non-random. Thus, predictions from fire simulations based on random...

this study was conducted to investigate the effects of applying methods andamount of ammonium polyphosphate (0, 2 and 4 wt%) on fire retardancy andmechanical properties of wood flour/polypropylene composites. the resultsshowed that addition of fire retardant improved the mechanical properties such astensile and flexural strengths and fire retardancy of composites. but by increasingof fire retar...

This paper presents a development of the forest fire detection algorithm for upcoming GCOM-C1/SGLI sensor. Several existing fire detection algorithms which are applied to GOES/VAS, NOAA/AHVRR, Terra Aqua/MODIS sensors mainly use the MIR fire channels(3-4μm) for key role of the fire detection algorithm. Meanwhile, because of lack of the MIR fire channel on GCOM-C1/SGLI, fire detection algorithm ...