Flow recession curves of rivers are commonly simulated by the equation of a single linear reservoir which is determined by one parameter, the retention constant. In reality, however, retention-discharge characteristics are hardly linear and recession curves can be approximated only sectionwise by linear reservoirs with retention "constant" values which increase while discharge decreases. In the...

Background: Different types of corticosteroids with different characteristics, such as hydrocortisone and dexamethasone, have been used in treatment of exacerbated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease but drug of choice unclear. The main goal of present study was to compare the efficacy of hydrocortisone and dexamethasone on clinical symptoms, peak expiratory flow, oxidative stress factors and...

High-head storage hydropower schemes in Alpine areas are required to produce peak energy and to regulate electricity grids. Nevertheless the unsteady turbine operations induce hydropeaking in the river downstream of the powerhouse. The developed hydrological-hydraulic model can simulate glacier melt, snow pack constitution and melt, soil infiltration and run-off as well as hydraulic structures ...

Rainfall-runoff processes in a small oil palm catchment (8.2 ha) in Johor, Malaysia were examined. Storm hydrographs show rapid responses to rainfall with a short time to peak. The estimated initial hydrologic loss for the oil palm catchment is 5 mm. Despite the low initial loss, the catchment exhibits a high proportion of baseflow, approximately 54% of the total runoff. On an event basis, the ...

Sensitivity analysis is a fundamental approach to identify the most significant and sensitive parameters, helping us to understand complex hydrological models, particularly for time-consuming distributed flood forecasting models based on complicated theory with numerous parameters. Based on Sobol’ method, this study compared the sensitivity and interactions of distributed flood forecasting mode...

OBJECTIVE To determine changes in functional independence following spinal cord injury and to evaluate the association between functional independence and physical capacity. DESIGN Multi-centre prospective cohort study. SUBJECTS Patients with spinal cord injury admitted for initial rehabilitation. METHODS The motor Functional Independence Measure (FIMmotor) was determined at the start of ...

Hydrological modelling is the most common way to investigate spatial and temporal distribution of regional water resources. The reliability uncertainty a model depend on efficient calibration hydrological parameters. However, in complex regions where several subcatchments are defined, parameters often difficult due lack observed data. transposability models critical importance for assessing eff...

[1] On the basis of estimates of sediment accumulation in reservoirs, the impact of 50,000 dams on sediment supply and intertidal wetland response in the Yangtze River catchment is examined. The total storage capacity of reservoirs is 200 10 m, or 22% of the Yangtze annual runoff. The sediment accumulation rate in reservoirs has increased from 0 in 1950 to >850 10 t/yr in 2003. Although sedimen...