We hypothesised that the response to cigarette smoke in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells from smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) would be intrinsically different from smokers without COPD, producing greater pro-inflammatory mediators and factors relating to airway remodelling. ASM cells were obtained from smokers with or without COPD, and then stimulated with cigarette sm...

Accumulating evidence suggests a direct role for cigarette smoke in pulmonary vascular remodeling, which contributes to the development of pulmonary hypertension. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain poorly understood. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potential mitogen and chemoattractant implicated in several biological processes, including cell survival, ...

The goal of the present study was to determine whether treatment with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces cell loss, cellular senescence, and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in primary human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Primary cultured human RPE cells were exposed to 2, 4, 8, and 12% of CSE concentration for 24 hours. Cell loss was detected by cell viability assay. Lipid pero...

Cigarette smoke is the principal cause of emphysema. Recent attention has focused on the loss of alveolar fibroblasts in the development of emphysema. Fibroblasts may become damaged by oxidative stress and undergo apoptosis as a result of cigarette smoke exposure. Not all smokers develop lung diseases associated with tobacco smoke, a fact that may reflect individual variation among human fibrob...

The silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) family of proteins (sirtuins or SIRTs), which belong to class III histone/protein deacetylases, have been implicated in calorie restriction, aging, and inflammation. We hypothesized that cigarette smoke-mediated proinflammatory cytokine release is regulated by SIRT1 by its interaction with NF-kappaB in a monocyte-macrophage cell line (MonoMac6) and in i...

Chemopreventive effects of green tea and coffee among cigarette smokers were examined in 52 clinically healthy male subjects between 20 and 52 years of age. Blood specimens were obtained from nonsmokers (group I), smokers (group II), smokers consuming green tea (group III), and smokers drinking coffee (group IV). The mean number of cigarette smoking years (> 10 cigarettes/day) in groups II-IV r...

purpose: to evaluate the effects of smoking on the central corneal thickness (cct). methods: in a historical chohort analytic study, referred cases have been divided into two groups (cigarette smokers, and non–cigarette smokers).  laboratory tests including fasting blood sugar (fbs), blood urea nitrogen (bun); and blood pressure were checked. complete eye examination was performed. cct was meas...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) present in cigarette smoke (CS) are thought to contribute to the development of COPD. Although CS-ROS can hardly enter airway epithelial cells, and certainly not the circulation, systemic levels of ROS have been found to be elevated in COPD patients. We hypothesize that lipophilic components present in CS can enter airway epithelial cells and increase intracellular...

Background Exposure to cigarette smoke has numerous health risks for infants and children. Home smoking ban is a simple way to reduce the detrimental impacts of cigarette smoke. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking bans in homes as well as associated factors in families with infants in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods This study was a population-based cross-secti...