This paper discusses recent attempts to codify knowledge through the development of expert systems in several different contexts. This paper argues that in the context of expert systems there is some knowledge that can be codified (turned into an expert system essentially in its entirety), some for which this is partly possible, and some for which it is basically impossible given the state of t...

Disputes over land, water, forests, rangelands, and other resources, both privately and commonly-held, are omnipresent across Africa and increasing in number due to the socioeconomic and environmental changes happening on microand macrolevels. Communities in Africa have a variety of mechanisms rooted in customary and statutory institutions to deal with disputes. This paper uses community-level ...

in the system of international law, individuals enjoy some rights and states are initially obliged to grant of these rights, especially in the field of human rights and humanitarian law. if this obligation is not fulfilled, the responsible state has to compensate the injured individuals based on special rules of treaty laws and general rules of international responsibility, including customary ...

Research and Technology Organizations (RTOs) are knowledge-intensive firms. They tend to rely mainly on their employees and their individual competencies (codified or non-codified), the networks and communities they are involved in as well as the structural resources of the organization itself. These resources, mainly of intangible nature, are expected to play an important role on the innovatio...

Given that knowledge (intensive) work takes place immersed in truly heterogenous networks of knowledge representations (codified, narrative, embedded in routines, inscribed in artefacts), our analysis is geared towards how the transformation of these resources are enacted in the practise of everyday, knowledge work. First, we discuss the work, strategies and mechanisms implied in rendering know...

Given that Articulate Knowledge has long been codified and substantiated for daily usage, the role of articulable Tacit knowledge needs to be examined in greater detail with an emphasis on its usage in the public sector. What needs to be born in mind however is that the codification of Tacit Knowledge is a reality and that eventually almost all Tacit Knowledge becomes so. This process is not ne...