In the 21st Century, distinctions and boundaries between global health, international politics, and the broader interests of the global community are harder to define and enforce than ever before. As a result, global health workers, leaders, and institutions face pressing questions around the nature and extent of their involvement with non-health endeavors, including international conflict reso...

A common problem that a virtual community fails to develop is that its members’ motivation to contribute valuable resources to the community, e.g., time, labour, money, information, or knowledge, will diminish over time. We believe that strong social relationships among members and those between members and their virtual community play an important role in motivating members to stay longer with...

This study examines decisions of the Permanent Court International Justice and their impact on German-Polish dispute. It considers how international jurisdiction approached question minority protection efficiency this experiment in justice was extremely influenced by political motives contrasting visions. The fragile balance between legal aspects evident, despite efforts Court, interests prevai...

To stand up for the brands they support, members of brand communities develop “oppositional brand loyalty” towards other rival brands. This study identifies how the interaction characteristics of brand community affect the perceived benefits of community members, and whether the perceived benefits cause members to develop community commitment, as well as the relationship between community commi...

the counseling system is the one of the basis on which all social and political affairs are presented and investigated through public and political consultation in the form of discussions and free conversations. in the counseling system, it is the public wisdom and agreement that leads to the selection and determination of rulers, social and political constructs and institutions, codifying and ...