Microgrid (MG) is one of the important blocks in the future smart distribution systems. The scheduling pattern of MGs affects distribution system operation. Also, the optimal scheduling of MGs will be result in reliable and economical operation of distribution system. In this paper, an operational planning model of a MG which considers multiple demand response (DR) programs is proposed. In the ...

genetic algorithm (ga) has been extensively used in recent decades to solve many optimization problems in various fields of science and engineering. in most cases, the number of iterations is the only criterion which is used to stop the ga. in practice, this criterion will lead to prolong execution times to ensure proper solution. a novel approach is presented in this article as the approximate ...

T he cancer community is hoping for important revisions to how clinical trials are run in Europe as the European Commission (EC) sets about overhauling the much-criticized Clinical Trials Directive. Adopted in 2001 and implemented by all EU member states in 2004, the directive aimed to create a harmonized framework for clinical research, as well as to improve patient safety and procedures for e...

This paper presents a novel reliable hierarchical location-allocation model where facilities are subject to the risk of disruptions. Based on the relationship between various levels of system, a multi-level multi-flow hierarchy is considered. The heterogeneous probabilistic disruptions are investigated in which the constructed facilities have different site-dependent and independent failure rat...