We presented the investigation of broadband metamaterial reflector for polarization manipulation based on cross/ring resonators. It is demonstrated that the metamaterial reflector can convert the linearly polarized incident wave to its cross polarized wave or circularly polarized wave. Due to the multiple resonances at neighboring frequencies, the proposed reflector presents broadband property ...

Citation: Hoadley KD and Warner ME (2017) Use of Open Source Hardware and Software Platforms to Quantify Spectrally Dependent Differences in Photochemical Efficiency and Functional Absorption Cross Section within the Dinoflagellate Symbiodinium spp. Front. Mar. Sci. 4:365. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00365 Use of Open Source Hardware and Software Platforms to Quantify Spectrally Dependent Differenc...

A push-pull ventilation system is effective for hazardous material exhaustion. Although a push-pull ventilation system has advantages over a local exhaust hood, some laborious adjustments are required. The pertinence of the adjustments is uncertain because it is difficult to evaluate the performance of a push-pull ventilation system quantitatively. In this study, a measurement of the capture ef...

The cross-efficiency evaluation is an effective method to evaluate the decision making units (DMUs) with the nonnegative inputs and outputs in data envelopment analysis (DEA) and can be performed with the different formulations. But, in some situations the DMUs encounter with the negative inputs and outputs. This paper generalizes the cross efficiency evaluation for the DMUs with the negative i...

Muscles produce force and power by utilizing chemical energy through ATP hydrolysis. During concentric contractions (shortening), muscles generate less force compared to isometric contractions, but consume greater amounts of energy as shortening velocity increases. Conversely, more force is generated and less energy is consumed during eccentric muscle contractions (lengthening). This relationsh...

The purpose of the current paper is to propose a new model for the secondary goal in DEA by introducing secondary objective function. The proposed new model minimizes the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their median. Similar problem is studied in a related model by Liang et al. (2008), which minimizes the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean. ...

Abstract: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a mathematical programming method for the assessment of relative efficiency of a set of Decision Making Units (DMUs) that use several inputs to produce several outputs. It measures the efficiency of each Decision Making Unit (DMU) by maximizing the ratio of virtual output to virtual input with the constraint that the ratio does not exceed one for eac...