This paper tries to identify the fiscal sustainability record of democratically and autocratically governed countries by applying various performance indicators (payment defaults, national debt, foreign assets) and also to clarify what effect the characteristics of a regime have on consolidation and intertemporal budgeting efforts in a country. Important economic, social and environmental chall...

Biodiversity conservation projects confront immediate and escalating threats with limited funding. Conservation theory suggests that the best response to the species extinction crisis is to spend money as soon as it becomes available, and this is often an explicit constraint placed on funding. We use a general dynamic model of a conservation landscape to show that this decision to "front-load" ...

There have been more studies on recovery rate modeling of bonds than of personal loans and retail credit. As far as the authors are aware, there exists no research of recovery rate modeling in retail credit for third-party buyers. The goal of this paper is to ll this gap. In our study, over nine million defaulted or non-performing consumer credit data provided by a German debt collection compan...

OBJECTIVES To document how out-of-pocket health expenditure can lead to debt in a poor rural area in Cambodia. METHODS After a dengue epidemic, 72 households with a dengue patient were interviewed to document health-seeking behaviour, out-of-pocket expenditure, and how they financed such expenditure. One year later, a follow-up visit investigated how the 26 households with an initial debt had...

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the relative influence bilateral and multilateral concessional debts on public investment in 32 sub-Saharan African countries over period 1985–2020. Dynamic panel autoregressive distributed lag models comprising mean group, pooled group dynamic fixed effect estimators were employed our model estimations. results revealed that had a long-run positive sign...

Bankruptcy is a condition of company that unable to pay its debts or also initially the can operate and then fails in managing business. when experiences insufficient funds run The purpose this study was determine factors led bankruptcy at PT. Garuda Indonesia. This uses Springate method with formula. Based on results study, it shows has potential go bankrupt because 2018-2020 current assets ar...

Considering the tax amnesty regulations regarding debts in our country, it is seen that although concept of withdrawal generally used to express termination existing debts, different reasons for without waiver are included terms legal characteristics. For this reason, necessary focus on characterization, functioning and consequences debt arising within scope amnesty.In regulations, one expirati...

Job insecurity exerts negative effects on self-reported health. Using the Spanish Survey of Household Finances for 2011–2014, this paper asks whether and to what extent debt burdens enhance these detrimental health effects. To address potential endogeneity problems surrounding question, adopts Deb Trivedi’s (Econometrics Journal, 9, 307–331, 2006) econometric approach. The results show that eff...

Under what circumstances are interest-bearing loans compatible with an economy without much growth? The question is becoming increasingly important given a tendency towards declining growth in industrialised economies and increasing evidence that continued incompatible environmental sustainability. Previous theoretical work suggests when compound, this results exponentially growing debts imposs...

Forest Isbell,* David Tilman, Stephen Polasky and Michel Loreau Abstract Habitat destruction is driving biodiversity loss in remaining ecosystems, and ecosystem functioning and services often directly depend on biodiversity. Thus, biodiversity loss is likely creating an ecosystem service debt: a gradual loss of biodiversity-dependent benefits that people obtain from remaining fragments of natur...