Background: Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) is a polymorphically expressed enzyme that shows marked interindividual and interethnic variation. CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 are the most frequently identified defective alleles in Orientals and Caucasian poor metabolizers (PM). The aim of this study was to investigate the frequencies of CYP2C19*1, CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 alleles and CYP2C19 genotypes in...

We present a model of fixing or patching a software problem after the product has been released in the market. Specifically, we model a software firm’s trade-off in releasing a buggy product early and investments in fixing it later. We first show that patching investments and time to enter the market are strategic complements such that higher investments in patching capability allow the firm to...

Introduced by Dvořák and Postle, the notion of DP-coloring generalizes list coloring helps to prove new results on coloring. We consider 1-defective 2-defective DP-colorings graphs with 2 colors. For j=1,2, we find exact lower bounds number edges in (j,2)-DP-critical (that is, that do not admit j-defective colors but whose every proper subgraph has such a coloring) given vertices. These also ho...

This paper addresses the problem of reworking of defective items and develops an integrated cost model so as to minimize the extra costs of reworking/scraping of work pieces. Items to be reworked are the results of quality problem. To improve a product’s quality, the selection of process target is extremely important since it directly affects the process defective rate, material cost, rework or...

beta-Methylgalactoside (mgl) permease mutants of Escherichia coli, which are defective in three genes, mglA, mglB, and mglC, were assayed for galactose taxis and galactose transport. The mglB product is the galactose-binding protein. Previous evidence, supported by our new findings, shows that the galactose-binding protein is the recognition component for galactose taxis as well as for galactos...

The main source for endogenous peptides presented by the MHC class I (MHC-I) pathway are de novo-synthesized proteins which are degraded via the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. Different MHC-I Ag pools can be distinguished: first, short-lived defective ribosomal products, which are degraded in concert with or shortly after their synthesis, and, second, functional proteins that enter the standard ...

In the past, milk whey was only a by-product of cheese production, but currently, it has a high commercial value for use in the food industries. However, the regulation of whey management (i.e., storage and hygienic properties) has not been updated, and as a consequence, its microbiological quality is very challenging for food safety. The Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technique was applied t...

Faithful chromosome segregation is fundamentally important for the maintenance of genome integrity and ploidy. By isolating conditional mutants defective in chromosome segregation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we identified a role for the essential gene pfs2 in chromosome dynamics. In the absence of functional Pfs2, chromosomal attachment to the mitotic spindle was defective, ...

In this survey, opsonization activity of sera in 110 patients with meningitis, sepsis and recurrent infection 12 patients after healing and 50 normal adults has been studied. Opsonization activity was measured by an assay depending on electronic particle counting to measure yeast uptake (alternative pathway activator) which was modified in our laboratory. Three classes of immunoglobulins (...

This study aimed at presenting a method for formulating optimal production, repair and replacement policies. The system was based on the production rate of defective parts and machine repairs and then was set up to optimize maintenance activities and related costs. The machine is either repaired or replaced. The machine is changed completely in the replacement process, but the productio...