This tutorial will briefly introduce: (1) the evolution of driver distraction, (2) key definitions that have been proposed, (3) research methods used in the assessment of distracted driving, (4) the sensitivity of different techniques for measuring user interface demand, e.g. eye tracking, physiological monitoring, task and driving performance, (5) differences in the expression of visual, manip...

Background: Taxi drivers have the most important role in the public transport services. They are exposed to various harmful agents and occupational hazards. Noise is a harmful occupational factors and hearing loss is its most important effect. Protection of drivers against hearing loss is essential. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of hearing loss among taxi and agency drive...

In spite of the popular belief that distraction is effective in coping with pain, there is evidence that a neutral distractor does not reduce people's reports of pain. However, it may be that distraction's effect is not detectable in immediate ratings, when the need to rate the pain forces the sufferer to concentrate on it. Instead, after a delay, when the pain itself is gone and the person mus...

In a previous study [1] we investigated properties of communicative feedback produced by attentive and non-attentive listeners in dialogue. Distracted listeners were found to produce less feedback communicating understanding. Here, we assess the role of prosody in differentiating between feedback functions. We find significant differences across all studied prosodic dimensions as well as influe...

Although public health efforts have made some progress in reducing risk of adolescent motor vehicle crashes over the last three decades, new technologies and evolving behavior patterns have focused attention on the risk of distracted driving. For many of the same reasons that alcohol-impaired driving represents a distinct risk for adolescents, distracted driving has an elevated impact on this a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Because of the oblique orientation of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), flexion gap distraction could lead to anterior movement of the tibia, which would influence the tibiofemoral contact point. This would affect the kinematics of the TKR. We assessed the flexion gap parameters when the knee is distracted during implantation of a PCL-retaining TKR. Furthermore, the ...

HYPOTHESIS To quantify the effects of cognitive distraction on surgical task performance in residents and medical students using a laparoscopic surgical simulator. DESIGN Within-subjects design. SETTING A surgical skills laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Thirteen surgical residents and medical students who volunteered for the study. METHODS AND MATERIALS Subjects performed six tasks on the Minim...