various researches on laboratory and field scale illustrate that manipulating the ionic composition and the ion concentration of injected water can affect the efficiency of water flooding and the interaction of injected water with rock and other fluids present in porous media. the objectives of this paper are to investigate parameters that affect low salinity water flooding; mainly the effect o...

Several RNA duplexes corresponding to the acceptor arms of different tRNAs have been analyzed with respect to their divalent metal ion binding capability by means of proton NMR spectroscopy using paramagnetic Mn2+ ions as probes. In particular, the role of GU wobble base pairs has been analyzed with reference to their potential for creating metal ion binding sites. It is shown that both the str...

Transition metal ion has been receiving a great attention in the recent years, as the high concentration of toxic metal ions. This paper deals with short review and to study the various types of transition metals present in waste water released from Pulp and Paper effluents. These are being constantly poured into the environment, which result in the long lasting bio-hazards in the aquatic eco-s...

Divalent ion sensitivity of hammerhead ribozymes is significantly reduced when the RNA structure includes appropriate tertiary stabilization. Therefore, we investigated the activity of the tertiary stabilized "RzB" hammerhead ribozyme in several nondivalent ions. Ribozyme RzB is active in spermidine and Na(+) alone, although the cleavage rates are reduced by more than 1,000-fold relative to the...

The viability of living systems depends inextricably on enzymes that catalyze phosphoryl transfer reactions. For many enzymes in this class, including several ribozymes, divalent metal ions serve as obligate cofactors. Understanding how metal ions mediate catalysis requires elucidation of metal ion interactions with both the enzyme and the substrate(s). In the Tetrahymena group I intron, previo...

Various researches on laboratory and field scale illustrate that manipulating the ionic composition and the ion concentration of injected water can affect the efficiency of water flooding and the interaction of injected water with rock and other fluids present in porous media. The objectives of this paper are to investigate parameters that affect low salinity water flooding; mainly the effect o...

Metal ions can significantly expand the scope of macromolecular catalysis. For catalysts composed of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA), metal ions are typically required for both structural and catalytic roles. Divalent metal ions such as Mg, Mn, and Zn are often, but not always, obligatory cofactors for ribozymes and deoxyribozymes. We recently described the 10MD5 deoxyribozyme as an example of a hig...

ArsR (or ArsR/SmtB) family metalloregulatory homodimeric repressors collectively respond to a wide range of metal ion inducers in regulating homeostasis and resistance of essential and nonessential metal ions in bacteria. BxmR from the cyanobacterium Osciliatoria brevis is the first characterized ArsR protein that senses both Cu (I)/Ag (I) and divalent metals Zn (II)/Cd (II) in cells by regulat...

The purpose of present study was to stabilize curcumin food pigment by its complexation with divalent ions like (Zn(2+), Cu(2+), Mg(2+), Se(2+)), in "green media" and evaluate its stability in vitro compared to curcumin alone. The curcumin complexes were prepared by mechanical mixture of curcumin and sulfate salts of each metal (metal : curcumin 1/1mol) into unconventional and nontoxic glycerol...