A simple technique to secure quantum key distribution relay networks is presented here. The paper introduces the concept of logical channels that uses a random dropout scheme. The paper also presents an enhanced protocol for key distribution in the relay networks. Previous techniques relied on creating distinct physical paths to create shares. Hence the compromise of one relay must compromise t...

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) or quantum cryptography has been developed within the last decade; it is proved that QKD is secure against computer attacks and it is considered as a promising solution towards absolute security within long-term cryptosystems. Currently, research efforts are required to make strongly secure the existing communication protocols; we suggest as an issue to improve th...

We specifically discussed the power law degree distribution which has degree distribution pk = C ·k−α where C is a constant and α > 1. While not all degree distributions will be power law, many of the degree distributions of observed networks will be heavy-tailed or long-tailed distributions. A heavy-tailed distribution is a distribution that is “heavier” than the exponential distribution. Here...

Multicommodity distribution problem is one of the most interesting and useful models in mathematical programming due to its major role in distribution networks. The purpose of this paper is to describe and solve a special class of multicommodity distribution problems in which shipment of a commodity from a plant to a customer would go through different distribution centers. The problem is t...

Virtual compound screening using molecular docking is widely used in the discovery of new lead compounds for drug design. However, the docking scores are not sufficiently precise to represent the protein-ligand binding affinity. Here, we developed an efficient computational method for calculating protein-ligand binding affinity, which is based on molecular mechanics generalized Born/surface are...

Along with economic growth of countries which leads to their increased energy requirements,the problem of power quality and reliability of the networks have been more considered andin recent decades, we witnessed a noticeable growing trend of distributed generation sources(DG) in distribution networks. Occurrence of DG in distribution systems, in addition tochanging the utilization of these sys...

The determination of practical and coherent policy to pin down the price in restructured distribution networks should be considered as a momentous topic. The present paper introduces a new method of distribution marginal price (DMP) calculation. The main aim of this paper is to evaluate the DMP for both producers and consumers separately. For this purpose, the first part of the procedure emphas...

The availability of sufficient and economic online capacity to support the network while encountering disturbances and failures leading to supply and demand imbalance has a crucial role in today distribution networks with high share of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), especially Renewable Energy Resources (RESs). This paper proposes a two-stage decision making framework for the Distribution...

Background The accuracy of ligand-protein docking may be affected by the presence of water molecules on the surface of proteins. Water can form complex bridging networks and can play a critical role in dictating the binding mode of ligands. A recent analysis of high-resolution crystal structures of ligand-protein complexes revealed that 85% of the complexes had one or more water molecules bridg...