For reliability-based topology optimization (RBTO) of double layer grids, a two-stage optimization method is presented by applying “Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization” and “Ant Colony Optimization” (SIMP-ACO method). To achieve this aim, first, the structural stiffness is maximized using SIMP. Then, the characteristics of the obtained topology are used to enhance ACO through six modific...

This study presents a new procedure based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for identification of double cracks in Functionally Graded Beams (FGBs). A cantilever beam is modeled using Finite Element Method (FEM) for analyzing a double-cracked FGB and evaluation of its first four natural frequencies for different cracks depths and locations. The obtained FEM results are verified against availab...

One of the most important methods of saving energy and providing indoor comfort conditions of buildings is the careful design of the façades. A “double skin glass façade” is optimally one of the best options that control the heat interaction between indoor and outdoor spaces. Two kinds of heating energy is usually transmitted through exterior envelope “conduction” and “radiation”. Double skin g...

formulae expressing explicitly the coefficients of an expansion of double jacobi polynomials which has been partially differentiated an arbitrary number of times with respect to its variables in terms of the coefficients of the original expansion are stated and proved. extension to expansion of triple jacobi polynomials is given. the results for the special cases of double and triple ultraspher...

One small-scale double emulsion technique for incorporation of Naja- Naja oxiana venom into Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres were developed and optimized. The effects of high speed homogenization on the double emulsion stability, microsphere size, entrapment efficiency and In vitro release of venom were studied. A stable double emulsion was verified by homogenization method. Slow...