in this paper, the problem of calculating the stress intensity factor (sif) for an orthotropic thick-walled cylinder with a small radial crack subject to internal pressure is considered. the crack is assumed to be an edge crack on the external radius of the cylinder. the stress intensity factor is calculated by superposition of an uncracked cylinder with uniform stress distribution and a cylind...

Recently, a class of random graph models called the Fixed Radius Model has been received much attention. Because there is clear relationship with a kind of state-of-the-art wireless communication networks. In the Fixed Radius Model G = G(n, R), each random graph is defined by n nodes placed randomly in the Euclidean plane according to some distribution; each pair of nodes is connected by an edg...

‎let $g=(v(g),e(g))$ be a simple connected graph with vertex set $v(g)$ and edge‎ ‎set $e(g)$‎. ‎the (first) edge-hyper wiener index of the graph $g$ is defined as‎: ‎$$ww_{e}(g)=sum_{{f,g}subseteq e(g)}(d_{e}(f,g|g)+d_{e}^{2}(f,g|g))=frac{1}{2}sum_{fin e(g)}(d_{e}(f|g)+d^{2}_{e}(f|g)),$$‎ ‎where $d_{e}(f,g|g)$ denotes the distance between the edges $f=xy$ and $g=uv$ in $e(g)$ and $d_{e}(f|g)=s...

What is meant by the “inner edge” of an accretion disk around a black hole depends on the property that defines the edge. We discuss four such definitions using data from recent high-resolution numerical simulations. These are: the “turbulence edge”, where flux-freezing becomes more important than turbulence in determining the magnetic field structure; the “stress edge”, where plunging matter l...

The paper focused on the height structure of Scots pine saplings affected by (1) retained solitary pine trees or (2) a pine-dominated edge stand. The study material in (1) and (2) consisted of ten separate regeneration areas in southern Finland. In (1) 2-m radius study plots were located at 1, 3, 6 and 10 m distances from 10 systematically selected, solitary retained trees in each stand. In (2)...

A comprehensive investigation of all available radio and stellar occultation data for the outer edge of Saturn’s B ring, spanning the period 1980–2010, confirms that the m = 2 distortion due to the strong Mimas 2:1 inner Lindblad resonance circulates slowly relative to Mimas in a prograde direction, with a frequency XL = 0.1819 d . Our best-fitting model implies that the radial amplitude of thi...

A graph is said to be half-arc-transitive if its automorphism group acts transitively on the set of its vertices and edges but not on the set of its arcs. With each half-arc-transitive graph of valency 4 a collection of the so called alternating cycles is associated, all of which have the same even length. Half of this length is called the radius of the graph in question. Moreover, any two adja...

Understanding sheet metal forming presses are important to reduce manufacturing costs. Thus, the best method of finding optimum values processing is by studying effect parameters on behavior formability, friction, and die radius. In this work, deep drawing process a low-carbon steel cup was studied significance two investigated which friction coefficient radius die. The finite element program, ...

Let $G$ be a connected graph with minimum degree $delta$ and edge-connectivity $lambda$. A graph ismaximally edge-connected if $lambda=delta$, and it is super-edge-connected if every minimum edge-cut istrivial; that is, if every minimum edge-cut consists of edges incident with a vertex of minimum degree.In this paper, we show that a connected graph or a connected triangle-free graph is maximall...