—The recent discovery of herbivores that feed on Ni-hyperaccumulating plants and contain elevated Ni concentrations in their bodies suggests that Ni may be transferred to their predators. We tested this hypothesis using the high-Ni herbivore Melanotrichus boydi and four predator species: the spiders Pholcus phalangioides and Misumena vatia, the mantid Stagmomantis californica and the lacewing C...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from modern ethanol plants in broiler diets. Experiment 1 was a 2 x 2 factorial experiment with diets containing 2 levels of DDGS (0 and 15%) and 2 diet densities (high and low). The high- and low-density diets were formulated to contain 22% CP and 3,050 kcal MEn/kg and 20% CP and 3,000 kcal MEn/k...

Xubida infusella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is potentially a useful biological control agent targeting Eichhornia crassipes (waterhyacinth) in the USA but many regions infested with waterhyacinth are also inhabited by an alternative native host, Pontederia cordata (pickerelweed). Experiments were conducted in Australia to assess the impact of X. infusella on pickerelweed compared to wate...

1. Intraguild predation occurs when top predators feed upon both intermediate predators and herbivores. Intraguild predators may thus have little net impact on herbivore abundance. Variation among communities in the strength of trophic cascades (the indirect effects of predators on plants) may be due to differing frequencies of intraguild predation. Less is known about the influence of variatio...

in order to investigate the effect of two mycorrhizal species (glomus mosseae and g. intraradices) on different growth aspects of two pistachio cultivars (p. vera cv. badami-riz zarand, and p. vera cv. qazvini), a greenhouse experiment was conducted taking into account three factors of: mycorrhizae inoculation at three levels (no mycorrhizae application as control, g. mosseae , g. intraradices)...

Abstract Background Sweet pepper is considered one of the most important vegetable crops cultivated for local consumption and exportation. Under greenhouse conditions, effects different rates yeast compost tea on vegetative growth, leaves mineral content, fruit yield quality were studied two consecutive years 2018/2019 2019/2020 under soilless conditions. Nine treatments (CT) or dry (DY) applie...

this research was conducted to compare the effects of two medicinal plants (peppermint and aloe vera) and antibiotic growth promoter on ileum microflora population and growth performance of broiler chickens. in this experiment, 375 one-day old male broiler chickens (ross 308) were used on a completely randomized design with 5 dietary treatments which were replicated 5 times with 15 birds per re...

data envelopment analysis (dea) is a method used for measuring the efficiency of decision-making units‎. unlike the standard models‎, ‎which assume decision-making units to be a black box‎, ‎network data envelopment analysis focuses on the internal structure of these units‎. ‎some researchers have developed a two-stage method where all the inputs are entirely used in the first stage‎, ‎producin...