An increase in credit, especially consumption can trigger aggregate demand growth above potential output which causes the economy to heat up. This study aims analyze effect of macroeconomic variables, such as interest rates, inflation, and gross domestic product (GDP), on for property credit Indonesia with period January 2011 – December 2018. The results show that short term, rate lag 1 2, infl...

As the chances of a successful conclusion to the Doha Round of trade liberalization under the WTO become increasingly problematic, so the pace of negotiating local free trade agreements (FTAs) is increasing. According to the WTO report, countries in the Asia-Pacific region are “consolidating their drive towards regionalism at an accelerated pace”. After the trade agreements between China an...

in this paper we investigated effect of economic uncertainty on money demand function of iran during(1352-1386). at first by using a general equilibrium theory it is shown that in spite of the existence of economic uncertainties, most of agents who are risk-averse consider these uncertainties when constitute their port folio. they consider money demand is a function of income, interest rate and...

Testing the reaction of the primary surplus to variations in public debt, relative to GDP respectively, has been frequently resorted to in order to test for sustainability of a given debt policy. In this contribution, we analyze theoretically under which condition a positive reaction of the primary surplus to variations in debt implies a sustainable debt policy. We demonstrate that the evolutio...

The clinical use of cisplatin was severely limited by its associated nephrotoxicity. In this study, we investigated whether the pseudoginsenoside F11 had protective effects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. To clarify it, one in vivo model of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure was performed. The results showed that pretreatment with F11 reduced cisplatin-elevated blood urea nitrogen ...

Abstract Background Cilnidipine, a calcium channel blocker, is the first-line drug for hypertension and belongs to Biopharmaceutics Classification System II. To mitigate its extensive first-pass metabolism improve patient compliance, present study was performed develop characterize solid dispersion-based orodispersible tablets. Results The phase solubility with polyvinyl pyrrolidone 15% has sho...

A pap+ Escherichia coli isolate from a turkey with colisepticemia expressed P fimbriae with a major subunit of an apparent molecular mass of 18 kDa which reacted with anti-F11 serum. This fimbriae was purified and polyclonal antiserum was produced in rabbits. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the major fimbrial subunit of the avian P fimbriae was identical to that of F11. On immunoblotting,...

This paper estimates the effects of exogenous changes in income and consumption taxes. The tax shocks are proxied with a narrative account liability United Kingdom. Income cuts have large on GDP, private consumption, investment. modest not statistically significant GDP its components. Shifting burden taxation from to is expansionary. Consistent conventional public finance theories, these result...

The relative constancy of nonfinancial corporate tax revenues as a share of U.S. GDP masks offsetting trends in the ratio of corporate profits to GDP (declining) and the average tax rate (increasing). The average tax rate rose steadily between 1996 and 2003, an increase largely attributable to the importance of tax losses. This rise casts some doubt on the role of tax planning activities in red...