research has shown that shift work, in particular night work, can have negative effects on the health, safety and well-being of workers. our study assessed, in a hospital setting, the effects of bright light (bl) on general health and psychological problems during night shift work. in an experimental design, 15 female nurses at a general hospital that located in tehran were exposed to moderate ...

OBJECTIVE Home Health Care Unit a unit provides health services for elderly, bedridden and individuals with chronic diseases at home along within the frame of the diagnosis, and treatments of the relevant experts. Therefore, it is intended to reduce the probable physical and emotional burden related to the patient that arise by commuting to the hospital, to increase the number of empty beds for...

introduction: in order to fulfill the health and medical needs of rural people, iran's medical services insurance organization approved a plan to provide rural health insurance in 2005. the plan aimed to make an appropriate context for the activities of private health care service providers in the rural areas and to meet public expectations for access to specialized medical services. in this st...

background snakebite has recently been declared a global public health emergency. empirical data showing the true burden of snakebite is lacking. treatment with specific antivenoms is considered the only cure. however, several factors have led to an ongoing antivenom crisis. this study offers recommendations concerning the improvement of antivenom access and control, by providing an overview of...

Background This paper investigates whether state legislators find testimony influential, to what extent testimony influences policy-makers’ decisions, and defines the features of testimony important in affecting policy-makers’ decisions.   Methods We used a mixed method approach to analyze responses from 862 state-level legislators in the United States (U.S.). Data were collected via a phone su...

The valuation of health states is an integral part of economic evaluation studies. The source of these valuations (general public vs. patients) is surrounded by controversy. Health state values generated by the general public are often different compared with those of patients. General public values may not account for adaptation of the patients; patients' values potentially incorporate self-in...