OBJECTIVES To present the fetal measurements in relation to the foot length at 10-16 weeks gestation on antenatal ultrasound. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed the fetal measurements in 47 scans performed at 10-16 weeks gestation in women attending routine antenatal care. The fetal measurements and measurement ratios were examined in relation to the foot length. RESULTS The fetal biparietal...

BACKGROUND Previous research suggests that prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) impacts birth outcomes, but many human studies cannot distinguish between the effects of different types of stressors or examine effects of exposure timing on outcomes. OBJECTIVES Our goal was to determine how timing and severity of exposure during pregnancy to objective and subjective stress due to a natural disaster ...

This paper tests the suggestion put forth by Tanner (' 5 5) and Eichorn and Bayley ('62) to the effect that the brain participates i n the parapubertal spurt of growth which characterizes many of the dimensions of the human body. To this end, longitudinal data consisting of oriented head roentgenograms of 11 boys were examined. Two measurements were taken directly from each lateral head film: (...

BACKGROUND Fetal growth restriction is associated with metabolic derangements in the newborn, impaired functioning in childhood and chronic diseases in adulthood. Differences between ethnic groups with respect to fetal growth may result in the misclassification of constitutionally small or large babies as having abnormal growth for their gestational age. We have developed intrauterine growth ch...

There is increasing evidence that proximal femoral geometry has an important role in the aetiology of hip fractures. We performed a simple radiological study to investigate the relationship between proximal femoral geometry and intracapsular and extracapsular fractures of the proximal femur. Measurements of proximal femoral geometry were made on pelvic radiographs on the contralateral hip of 50...

PURPOSE To investigate optic nerve head size and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness according to refractive status and axial length. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 252 eyes of 252 healthy volunteers underwent ocular biometry measurement as well as optic nerve head and RNFL imaging by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Correlation and linear regression analyses were per...

We investigated the importance of the myosin head in thick filament formation and myofibrillogenesis by generating transgenic Drosophila lines expressing either an embryonic or an adult isoform of the myosin rod in their indirect flight muscles. The headless myosin molecules retain the regulatory light-chain binding site, the alpha-helical rod and the C-terminal tailpiece. Both isoforms of head...

OBJECTIVES Ergometer training is a common cause of injuries in rowers. A randomised crossover study comparing two power head designs was carried out to examine ergonomic risk factors. METHODS Six elite male rowers undertook 20 minute fatiguing rowing pieces with both fixed and floating power heads. A CODA MPX infrared telemetric motion analysis detector and the ergometer's interface were used...

INTRODUCTION Despite structural distinction between the transverse and oblique heads of the adductor pollicis, in vivo testing continues to consider the adductor pollicis as functionally simplistic. As a muscle's architecture is a strong indicator of function, in this study we aimed to determine whether the physiological cross-sectional areas (PCSAs) of both heads were uniform. METHODS Classi...