This placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study assessed whether exclusive activation of peripheral opioid receptors results in significant pain reduction. To achieve opioid activity restricted to the periphery, we used a short-term (2 h) low dose infusion of morphine-6-beta-glucuronide (M6G) because M6G does not pass the blood-brain barrier during this time in amounts sufficient to induc...

Viêm trào ngược Dạ dày-Thực quản (GERD) là một trong những nguyên nhân gây Nấc. Chúng tôi giới thiệu trường hợp nấc kéo dài 12 năm. Đây đầu tiên điều trị phẫu thuật nội soi ổ bụng. Bệnh đã trải qua thời gian với nhiều phương pháp khác nhau nhưng không thuyên giảm cho đến khi được thuật. Khi tiến hành bệnh có thoát vị hoành thể trượt. Tâm dính vào cơ và trượt lên trên lệch về bên phải, phần mạc ...

BACKGROUND The combination of propofol-remifentanil for procedural deep sedation in spontaneously breathing patients is characterized by the frequent incidence of side effects, especially respiratory depression. These side effects may be due to either the drug combination or the drug delivery technique. Target-controlled infusion (TCI) might optimize drug delivery. In this prospective, randomiz...

Backgrounds/Aim: Important lesions are located around the esophagogastric junction (EGJ). Effect of sedation on EGJ evaluation during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to compare territory of observation according to different sedation agents during EGD. Methods: Data were collected prospectively from consecutive patients who underwent EGD for v...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous ramosetron plus dexamethasone for the prevention of acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. METHODS Cancer patients scheduled to receive chemotherapy containing either of the four drugs (cisplatin, doxorubicin, epirubicin or oxaliplatin) were enrolled. They were randomized to receive intravenous ramosetron 0.3 mg plus dexamethasone 20 ...

critical points regarding these scales. First, the CPOT and the BPS do not have a specific item for patients who are in a coma (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤8), with artificial airways (eg, tracheostomy tube), who are breathing spontaneously without receiving mechanical ventilation. Other important concerns are items that evaluate patients’ compliance with ventilators. When patients cough we expect to h...