AbstmctThis paper deals with a novel approach to carry out the design of 3 DOF actuated joints for humanoid robots. Instead of common serial mechanism, a more robust parallel mechanism was'developed. This kind of structure allows the terminal body to move within a cone from the nominal position and permits unlimited rotation about the cone pointing axis. Simulations were conduced to validate th...

Plagiocephaly is a common asymmetry of the skull which looks as if it has been compressed along a horizontal axis between one temple and the opposite side of the occiput. It is often seen in normal people, and is only very rarely due to underlying disease or malformation of the skull; such cases are not discussed here. The observation of plagiocephaly in a few children seen because of congenita...

aim: abnormal joint mobility is an important factor in movement dysfunction and physical disability. a general lack of descriptive details exists for measurements of hip rotation range of motion (rom). this study was designed to establish the influence of hip position on active and passive range of motion of the hip in external and internal rotation(ext & int rot). material & methods: ...

Ultrasound evaluation for hip joint effusion is made using an anterior approach parallel to the longitudinal axis of the femoral neck. At the junction of the femoral neck and head the normal capsular margin should follow this bony contour with evaluation looking to assess outward capsular displacement by fluid or other pathology. If fluid is seen its echotexture should be determined as purely h...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to analyze femoral shaft sagittal parameters in Chinese osteoarthritis (OA) patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and identify whether the parameters in the coronal plane could be predictors of those in the sagittal plane. METHODS Standard long-standing anteroposterior and femoral lateral radiographs of 50 lower limbs in 50 Chinese OA patie...

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) or congenital hip dysplasia (CDH) is the most prevalent developmental childhood hip disorder. It includes a wide spectrum of hip abnormalities ranging from dysplasia to subluxation and complete dislocation of the hip joint. The natural history of neglected DDH in adults is highly variable. The mean age of onset of symptoms is 34.5 years for dysplastic DD...

STUDY DESIGN In vivo biomechanical study using a three-dimensional (3D) musculoskeletal model for elderly individuals with or without pelvic retroversion. PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of pelvic retroversion on the sagittal alignment of the spine, pelvis, and lower limb in elderly females while standing and walking. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Patients with hip-spine syndrome have concurrent hi...