In a linked article (doi:10.1136/bmj.e5047), Glasziou and colleagues highlight the tenuous nature of the evidence that financial reward systems work in healthcare settings. They propose that before pay for performance schemes are implemented the potential benefits and harms should be assessed. Such schemes, which aim to improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare by the use of financial in...

Practical optimization problems often have objective functions that cannot be easily calculated. As a result, comparison-based algorithms that solve such problems use comparison functions that are imperfect (i.e. they may make errors). Machine learning algorithms that search for game-playing programs are typically imperfect comparison algorithms. This paper presents MICAL, an algorithm analysis...

background infertility can affect the quality of life of infertile couples. the aim of this study was to develop and measure psychometric properties of “quality of life in infertile couple questionnaire” (qolicq). methods this study was conducted in two qualitative and quantitative phases. qualitative method involved semi-structured interviews of a purposive sample of 34 infertile couples. a co...

In this paper, we develop an integrated two-echelon supply chain inventory model with a single-manufacturer and multi-retailers in which each retailer’s demand is dependent on selling price of the product. The manufacturer produces single product dispatched order quantities retailers some equal batches. production process imperfect quality products defective percentage random nature follows bin...

This paper presents an economic order quantity (EOQ) inventory model for imperfect quality items with receiving a reparative batch and overlapping in dense fuzzy environment Here, the are identified by screening divided into either scrap or reworkable items. The kept store until next received. Afterwards, returned to supplier be reworked. Also, discount on purchasing cost is employed as offer o...

the aim of study was to evaluate the reliability of persian form of quality of life questionnaire -36 items in the patients with bipolar i disorder. present study was cross sectional-descriptive. 50 patients with bipolar i disorder were selected from mehregan hospital by convenient sampling. they were assessed with using of persian form of quality of life questionnaire-36 items. 20 patients (40...