Decision making often entails conflict. In many situations, the symptoms of such decisional conflict are conspicuous. This article explores an important and unexamined question: How does observing someone else experiencing decisional conflict impact our own preferences? The authors show that observing others’ emotional conflict and agony over an impending decision makes the observer’s preferenc...

this study considers political culture (which is one of the most important issues in social and political sciences of students) in tehran university and effective factors on it. to analyze political culture, we used some theories of amond, verba, pay, rash, leibet and dal. in this study, the research method is the technique of collecting data and information through standard questionnaire. and ...

The present study aims to investigate the association between political connections and related-party transactions for the firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Sample includes the 485 firm-year observations from companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2013 to 2017 and research hypothesis was tested using multivariate regression model based on panel data.We fin...

Political culture in Iran, the changes in it, factors causing these changes and their proba-ble outcomes have been of interest to writers and researchers at the present time more than ever; as a result, the concept of political culture, which is a newly developed con-cept in the political studies and research in Iran, is regarded as of great importance in these studies. Similarly, the number of...

The public considers sociopolitical revolutions and movements as phenomena that occur suddenly and unpredictably. Still, these phenomena carry historical content and stem from sophisticated sociopolitical, cultural, and economic factors in the view of political scientists. Such a view provides the context in which sociopolitical revolutions and movements are analyzed, not in a single cause, but...

this article explain unsuccessful iranian intellectuals' attempts in the fields of thoughts and politics through surveying ideas of ehsan tabari and jalal ale-ahmad. it tries to show that theirs ideas have been under hegemony of political formalism; so their naïve attitudes has converted their thought to an ideology which serve to political aims based on a political formalism. this article...

Many studies have focused on the relationship between political information and the use of ideology. Here, we argue that two ‘‘evaluative motivations’’— general investment of the self in politics and extremity of partisanship—serve as moderators of this relationship. Specifically, we use data from two recent national surveys to test whether the possession of information is more strongly associa...

shiism, like other islamic sects, believed in the existence of sharia as a comprehensive guide from allah. in the islamic primary sources, as in quran and traditions which are the primary basis for the political fiqh, sharia entered the political life arena of the moslems. from the early second century so far, shiite political fiqh started developing. this trend towards political fiqh was stren...